The Refining Of Pine Seed Oil And Its Application In Cosmetics

Pine seed oil is a kind of edible woody vegetable oil with high medicinal value. Pine seed oil is more prominent in both distribution and content of unsaturated fatty acids compared with other kinds of known vegetable oil. Nowadays, researches on pine seed oil mainly focus on its extraction and fatty acid composition, while the study of refining pine seed oil is still in its infancy. In order to better develop and utilize the natural plant resources such as pine seed oil,two kinds of refining process of pine seed oil have been studied systematically in this paper,and the physical and chemical properties of pine seed oil as well as its fatty acid composition are determined. Furthermore, the pine seed oil moisturizing cream formula has been designed and optimized, and the basic characteristics and quality of the pine seed oil moisturizing cream are evaluated.The methods and conditions of chemical refining process have been studied through single factor experiments and orthogonal tests using pine seed oil as raw material. The results show that the optimal technological conditions of degumming are as follows: the heating temperature40 ℃, the acid amount 4.0 %, and the stirring time 30 min. The optimum conditions of deacidification are as follows: the alkali refining temperature 80 ℃, the alkali solution concentration 8.0 %, the super alkali amount 0.25 %, and the alkali refining time 40 min. The optimum conditions of decolorization are as below: the ratio of activated carbon and activated clay 1 : 1, the decoloring agent dosage 7.0 %, the decoloring temperature 70 ℃, and the decoloring time 30 min.The supercritical CO2 refining conditions of pine seed oil are optimized through response surface experiments. The studies show that the optimum supercritical CO2 refining technological conditions are: the extraction pressure 22 MPa, the extraction temperature 45 ℃,and the extraction time 1.8 h. The pine seed oil refined under the above conditions presents pale yellow color without unpleasant smell. The average deacidification rate obtained by validation test can reach 78.21 %, which is close to but slightly higher than the value predicted by software.The physical and chemical indicators and fatty acids composition of the pine seed oil refined by the above two kinds of methods have been determined and analyzed. The results demonstrate that the odor and color of pine seed oil have been improved through the two refining methods. The acid values of the pine seed oil have been reduced by 88.31% through chemical refining method and 78.18% through supercritical CO2 refining method, and theperoxide value are reduced by 82.42 % and 88.20%, respectively. Chromatographic analysis shows that the pine seed oil obtained by chemical refining and supercritical CO2 refining methods have similar contents of fatty acids, which are 89.58 % and 90.48 %, respectively.The pine seed oil refined by chemical method is selected to prepare pine seed oil moisturizing cream and the formula is optimized by single factor experiments and orthogonal tests. The optimal pine seed oil moisturizing cream formula is as follows:2 % refined pine seed oil,1 % refined deer oil,1.5 % Glycerol stearate and PEG-100 stearate(SIMULSOL 165),4 %C16-18 mixed alcohol,4 % caprylic/capric triglyceride,3 % Isocetane(HD),1 % Silicone oil(DC-100),0.2 % bisabolol,1 %Vitamin E acetate,3 % glycerol,5 % 1,3-butanediol,4 %crosslinking polyacrylic acid resin(Capol 934)(mass fraction 2%),0.1 % Disodium edetate dihydrate(EDTA),7 % molecules of hyaluronic acid(HA)(mass fraction 1%),0.2 % allantoin,1 % portulaca extracts,0.4 % Phenoxyethanol/ethyl hexyl glycerin(euxyl PE 9010),0.1 %Methyl isopropyl thiazole moiety ketone/ethyl hexyl glycerin(euxyl K220),0.3 % MD100,0.1 % essence and 61.1 % deionized water.The basic moisturizing cream and the olive oil moisturizing cream with the same amount of pine seed oil are selected as references with the pine seed oil moisturizing cream to evaluate the moisturizing efficiency. As a result, the moisture retention rate of the pine seed oil moisturizing cream is higher than the basic cream, but a little lower than the olive oil moisturizing cream. The result indicates that the moisturizing efficiency of the pine seed oil moisturizing cream is excellent. The pine seed oil moisturizing cream is not only has a bright glossy white color but also has easy absorbance ability. In addition, its stability and safety is comply with relevant national standards, indicating that pine seed oil moisturizing cream has the potential of market development.