| Atmospheric particulate matter is the main pollutants in the atmospheric environment of Yan’an, at the same time, the air quality in most of cities in China are also affected by atmospheric particulate pollution; The study of metal elements concentration level in atmospheric particulate matter, distribution and pollution sources are meaningful for understanding the air pollution situation and controlling the pollution phenomenon.In order to know the metal contents(copper, calcium, strontium, lead, zinc,manganese, chromium, cobalt, aluminum, magnesium, iron, cadmium) of atmospheric particulates(TSP and dust fall) in Yan’an and pollution status, we have collected TSP samples by utilizing traffic total suspended particles(TSP) air sampler in Zaoyuan,Yan’an university, Forestry bureau, Power supply bureau, The municipal hospital, the atmospheric dust samples were collected in the glass jar. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine the content after the samples processed by microwave-mixed acid digestion method(under the condition of their respective optimal operation parameters), come to the conclusions like that:In the forenoon, the TSP concentration ranged from 155.6μg /m3 to 691.4μg /m3,average concentration was 363.74μg /m3; In the afternoon, the TSP concentration ranged from 166.2μg /m3 to 702.4μg /m3, the average concentration was 396.98μg /m3, from the aspect of daily average concentration of the atmospheric concentration, the concentration value level of Zaoyuan sample point(169.5μg /m3) was greater than the atmospheric environmental quality primary level of national standards, the concentration value levelof Yan’an university(581.5μg /m3) was inferior to the level 3 of atmospheric environment quality standards of the state, the concentration value level of the Forestry administration sample point(418μg /m3) was superior to the level 3 of atmospheric environment quality standards of the state, the Power supply bureau sampling point density(310.8μg /m3) was close to the national secondary standard of atmospheric environment quality,in the hospital,the sample point density(422μg /m3) was superior to the level 3 of atmospheric environment quality standards of the state.The concentration of 12 kinds of metal elements Al、Co、Mn、Zn、Cd、Mg、Pb、Ca、Cu、Sr、Fe、Cr in all TSP samples respectively were 0.0321-0.2686μg/m3, 0.0002-0.0010μg/m30.0101-0.0246μg/m3,0.0013-0.0266μg/m3,0.0095-0.0384μg/m3,0.0564-0.1077μg/m3,0.0034-0.0177μg/m3,0.0345-0.1201μg/m3,0.0109-0.1360μg/m3,0.0013-0.0294μg/m3,0.1929-0.4722μg/m3,0.0923-0.1192μg/m3.The average concentration sort order of metal elements was like that: Fe> Al> Cr> Ca> Mg> Cu> Cd> Mn> Sr> Pb> Zn> Co. The mean concentration of 12 kinds of metallic element ranged from 0.0002μg/m3 to 0.4722μg/m3.Enrichment factor analysis showed that, Al, Mg, Ca mainly came from natural source;the part of the pollution source of Co, Zn were from artificial sources. The artificial source was the main pollution source of Zn、Cd、Pb、Cu、Sr and Cr. Correlation analysis showed that,Pt、Sr and Cr may came from the same pollution source, and a part of pollution source of Cu was same to the pollution source of Sr and Cr. The factor analysis showed that the sources of metal elements in TSP were divided into four main factors,soil and waste incineration sources, the contribution rate was 52.561%, coal and oil sources, the contribution rate was 38.422%.The concentrations of 12 kinds of metal elements Al、Co、Mn、Zn、Cd、Mg、Pb、Ca、Cu、Sr、Fe、Cr in all dustfall samples respectively were 83407-110890μg/g, 6.125-13.200μg/g, 906.15-1234.95μg/g, 74.892-1148.780μg/g, 1.550-4.650μg/g, 4827.50-5107.35μg/g, 29.000-61.975μg/g, 35116.3-72976.8, 69.65-108.10μg/g, 119.450-273.875μg/g, 10561.6-13498.6μg/g, 83.55-160.05μg/g, the sort order of was like that Al> Ca > Fe > Mg >Mn > Zn> Sr > Cr > Cu > Pb > Co > Cd, the mean concentration of 12 kinds of metallic element ranged from 1.5500μg/g to 110890μg/g, the four elements Al,Fe, Ca and Mg occupied important proportion, the elements in the crust was far higher than artificial elements; The enrichment factor analysis showed that, from the whole territory of Yan’an;Co、Fe、Mg belonged to light pollution degree; Mn、Pb、Ca、Sr、Cr belonged to moderate pollution degree, Zn、Cu belonged to high level pollution,Cd belonged to the very heavy pollution degree;The correlation analysis showed that Mn and Cr, Pb were from the different pollution sources, Mn 、Zn were from the same sources,Ca and Cr were from the same pollution source, Cu, Sr, Cr were from the same pollution source;The factor analysis showed that the dust pollution source of 12 kinds of main metal elements were as follow in turn:coal source accounted for 29.00%, waste incineration source accounted for 25.58%, construction dust source accounted for21.22%, soil dust source accounted for 20.31%. |
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