Research On Structural Safety Of School Bus Seats

School bus is a vehicle used for organically dropping off&picking up students.Today in China, major school bus accidents frequently occur due to poor supervision onschool bus system, inadequate technology and undistinguished features of school bus,which bring pains to families of the victims as well as negative impacts to the society.Major school bus accidents in these two years have attracted great public attention, andschool bus safety issue has begun to be put on the agenda by the country. After the lateststipulates Technological Safety Requirements for School Buses and The Strength ofStudent Seat Systems and Their Anchorages of Special School Bus have been published,we can see that technical aspects on school bus did change a lot.As a significant safety component links the students and the bus parts together, theimportance of school bus seat is self-evident. Based on the receiving project of NationalBus Quality Supervision Center, this paper uses research methods that combine physicalschool bus seat test and simulation to study the structural safety of a school bus seat inorder to provide reference for strength design and lightweight design of the school busseat structure. The following research works were mainly carried out:1) Count and analyze the situation of our country’s school bus accidents occur inrecent years; explain the importance of the safety seat structure; refer to a large numberof domestic and international reference literature from three aspects: regulations andstandards, experimental research, simulation analysis; discuss the research status anddevelopment trends of domestic and international school bus seat; summarize thepurpose and significance of the research; describe the main methods used in thisresearch.2) The theoretical foundation of the school bus seat structure safety was expounded.First,the school bus seat ergonomics was introduced from the car seat body postureanalysis and the design of the school bus seat size reference two aspects; Secondly,the basic structure of the school bus seat and the main content of the school bus seatstructure safety were introduced; Finally, the study of school bus seat structure safetytechnology was carried on the brief summary.3) Relying on test conditions and research project of the National PassengerQuality Supervision and Inspection Center, Carry out dynamic simulation test andsimulation analysis of school bus seat. A brief introduction was given to trolley and dynamic school bus seat standards，On this basis, detailing the test principle of domesticdynamic school bus seat tests, test methods, test procedures and test results,then testresults of this subjects were analyzed.4) In the general process of car seat safety analysis of the structure, proposed theworkflow of school bus seat structure safety,and the key issues of finite elementanalysis were summarized; Depending on the size of sample chair data and thenational regulations and standards, the school seat finite element model was establishedin the relevant modeling software.5) After combined with the finite element model of seat and dummy, expand theFinite Element Analysis, from the response of the seat itself and the6-year-old dummyin both trials, comparatively analyze the consistency of simulation and test,then verifythe validity and reliability of established school bus seat model to lay foundation foroptimization and lightweight of school bus seat structure.6) Clarify the evaluation method of the structural safety of school bus seat bothfrom the seat and the dummy. After seat fasteners and frameworks in the simulationresults and test results are consistent, The seat fasteners and frameworks in the finiteelement model has been optimized; P6dummy in the optimized model has also beenverified in compliance with the relevant standards, the results show that structuralimprovements and lightweight design are reasonable and effective.The creative points of this paper can be described as follows: On the basis ofguarantee the safety of school bus seat structure, the seat fixed structure was improvedalong the direction of stress change.After the examination of the tensile strength, it willbe replaced by skeleton material and the school bus seat implemented reduction ofabout2%successfully.