Study On Emergency Management Mechanism Of Earthquake-damaged Reservoir And Evaluation Of Emergency Readiness Capability

China’s dam construction reached its peak during the1950’s and1970’s. However, due to the technological and management level, not only the construction quality was low, but also lack of effective preparation and prevention system to cope with natural hazards such as flood and seism. So far, most reservoirs have overpassed their designed age limits, more than half are ill with extreme risk.In recent years, natural hazards such as floods, earthquake and debris flow happen frequently, especially "5·12" Wenchuan earthquake caused severe damages and risks to water conservancy projects. The sudden and uncertainties of natural hazards increase the dam management difficulties and higher the dam emergency management demands. Now, securing the construction safe is not the only conception of dam emergency management. Reducing the hazards caused risks through building dam emergency management mechanism, compiling emergency plan, assessing the emergency readiness capability and improving the public awareness, is the new view of dam emergency management.The study works taken in this dissertation try to solve some problems such as lack of emergency management standardization, organization disunion, emergency support system imperfection and indistinct reservoir management system. Firstly, we clear three steps of emergency management which are risk mitigation, response and Disaster Rehabilitation through retrospecting the development history of emergency management theory home and abroad. According above steps, studies about emergency management mechanism are classified which comprise emergency organization system, emergency plan, emergency operation mechanism and emergency support mechanism. Advanced dam management experiences in America, Canada and Portugal are introduced. We analyze China’s dam safety management history and point out the problems and limits.Secondly, we construct seismic reservoir emergency management system through emergency management operation mechanism, emergency management organization system and emergency support mechanism. We establish emergency operation system flow include everyday management, early warning, answering warning, temporary emergency measure, emergency response, retrieve and reconstruction. We discussed organizations, legislation guarantee and emergency coordination system in the process of emergency management. We also state material, information, facility, human resource and financial guarantee.Thirdly, referring to urban earthquake emergency capability evaluation system, we respectively build emergency readiness capability evaluation system of large-sized reservoirs and small and medium-sized reservoirs. G1method is used to calculate index weights by Microsoft Visual Basic and Matlab7.0. Fuzzy evaluation method is used to assess comprehensive emergency readiness capability. Taking Yangjiaba Reservoir and Saijin Reservoir located in Jian’ge County, Sichuan Province as examples, we evaluate their emergency readiness capabilities and compare with each other. The result shows that Yangjiaba Reservoir’s scores in detailedness of emergency plan and the frequency of emergency exercise are low, other natural hazards except flood are ignored, emergency rescue plan is not concrete and not operative, scored zero in reservoir construction safety, discharge construction is far from perfect and its quality is low, threaten the downstream area, and need to improve in technology guarantee. Saijin Reservoir scores zero in construction safety, management responsibility and communication guarantee, scores in emergency plan and technological guarantee are low. Compared to Yangjiaba Reservoir, Saijin’s comprehensive emergency readiness capability is lower.Finally, focusing on the roots of existing problems and according to dam emergency management mechanism above, we present some advices and count-measures from five aspects including management system, emergency plan, operation mechanism, legal institution and establish pilots.The research in this dissertation provides thorough and systemic thought for China’s dam reservoir safe emergency management. Attaching importance to ordinary dam reservoir safe management should be introduced to China’s dam reservoir emergency management. Emergency response flow and emergency organization could also be applied in dam reservoir emergency management. In the future, reservoir dam emergency readiness capability evaluation should be enforced. Such results can also be introduced to other fields of disaster emergency management that effectively improve emergency operation levels.