Research On The Spatial Distribution Of Commute Based On Niche Theory

In recent years, with the rapid expansion of metropolitan suburbanization, commuting time,direction and tools have undergone profound changes: commuting distance and time areincreasing constantly; the diversification pattern of Job-living space leads to the diversity ofcommuting direction; the traffic and cost of various residents are different obviously. Therefore,an accurate grasp of living space as well as the development of commuting traffic, has animportant reference value for improving the quality of commute and the infrastructure of theresidence.This paper studies commuting based on niche theory. The theory assumes that in limitedhousing resources, is bound to generate fierce competition between the residents who have thesimilar residential demand. Eventually leading to the differentiation of living space and changesin urban commuting feature.First, the study explores momentum and trend of the commuting transportation throughniche overlap and separation theory. Study found that with the increase in private transport,especially cars and electric vehicles, the traditional transportation like walking, cycling andpublic transport are squeezed.Through factor analysis and cluster analysis, residents will be divided into four categories,in order to analyze hotspots settlements residential of different commuting groups. From theperspective the residential niche, study the living space layout of the different commuting groups,and to explore the pros and cons of residence, and relocation behavior of the residents.Residential areas are the main source of commuting trips, and the commuting transportationis carrier of commuting trip. Based on this, the paper studies the commuting characteristics ofdifferent groups and traffic accessibility of residential areas with residential niche. That iscommuting niche, means the commuting time and commuting distance by different transportationin different residential areas. The study found that different transportations have different optimalcommuting distance among different commuting groups. Furthermore, the spatial distribution ofcommuting niche and potential are basically the same, which can be well reflect commutingtraffic accessibility. Commuting state is strengthening or weakening commuting niche in differentdegrees of the different residential areas.Through interactive relationship among living space layout, trends of transportation andurban commuting, the paper found that the residents continue to weigh the cost of housing andcommuting costs according to their characteristics and demand, choosing the appropriate livingarea, eventually forming a specific commuting spatial distribution.