The Niche Research On Large Urban Retail Building

Urbanization promotes the rapid expansion of large retail commercial buildings in Chinese modern cities. The increased consumption level calls for new requirements for the development of large retail commercial building. The development of commercial activity provides an unprecedented consumption drive while aggravating the contradiction between human-activity oriented commercial buildings and city environment. Hence, establishing the systematical environmental concept and improving the relationship between large retail buildings and city environment help to lay a foundation for the sustainable development of commercial buildings. This dissertation starts with the theoretic study of commercial building niche, followed by explorations of the constructing dynamic mechanisms and application analyses of commercial building niche, and finally discussions of the assessment system and methods of niche breadth.The paper covers the following aspects:1 . Background of research questions. Based on the background analyses of the development of commercial building, the dissertation attends to examine the phenomenon of shopping centerization in modern commercial buildings and the problem of spatial correlation of city commercial buildings. With reference to the relevant studies in other subjects, the niche relationship between commercial building and environment is realized and the research design and outline are therefore forwarded.2. The definition of 'niche' . The essay defines the elements of commercial buildingniche, and its connotations and characteristics. It identifies the concepts of fundamental niche, realized niche, potential niche and niche position, establishes the niche construction model of commercial building, and explores the niche relationships and measuring methods of niche breadth, niche adaptation, niche overlap and niche separation. According to the relevant studies of the niche theory, architecture and geography, this dissertation advances a locating model for commercial buildings and a construction area control model.3. The formation of niche. Based on the understanding of niche construction dynamicsof commercial building, the dissertation discusses the developmental rules of commercial building, the features of essential factors of city commercial space and dynamic mechanisms for building commercial building fundamental niche, namely, centrality, dispersivity, supply and demand, ecological balance, and governance.4. The application of niche. Shopping malls as representative commercial buildings areparticularly focused in this paper, and the niche theory is applied to investigate into the city spatial conditions and strategies of shopping malls and shopping centralization, exploring niche adaptation formula and adaptation design essentials of public space, functions and ecological energy saving measures of commerce building niche adaptation, from the perspectives of city space, urban public commercial space, commercial building and environment.5. The evaluation of niche. The suitability assessment of the niche breadth of urbancommerce building is the significant component of the whole niche theory. Differing in levels, the dissertation establishes the suitability assessment for the niche breadth of urban spatial commerce building, the evaluation system of the quality of commercial public space, the niche adaptation assessment system of the ecological factors of commercial building, and finally investigates into the comprehensive assessment of niche and combinatorial assessment of subjective niche adaptation.