Research And Comparison On Form Regulation Of The Military Fortresses Along The Great Wall In Ming Dynasty In Northwestern China

The Great Wall in Ming dynasty is made up of many military fortresses, the pass,beacons, piers and so on that constitute a complete system with depth of defense. Inorder to defense foreign invasion, the Ming government built up thousands of militaryfortresses with both defense and living functions. These fortresses were builtaccording to the military system in the Ming dynasty. The wasteland system and thegarrison system were the guarantee for the internal management of military fortresses.This paper focuses on management system, space structure, architectural formand so on in military fortresses for different levels, and discusses the relationshipbetween these factors. First of all, through the difference of "Bao" and "Zhai", we canhave deeper understanding of the basic meaning of "military", which is advantageousto the research of classification and protection. The paper total analyses the defensesystem of the Great Wall in Ming dynasty with an overview, and statistical analysesof construction scale, the number of military fortresses and time of construction andother factors in Datong town, Yansui town, Ningxia town and Guyuan town.Second, the author makes a detailed interpretation of the construction of defensesystem and the mode of management in internal use and analyzes the relationshipbetween different levels of military fortresses system. Combined with the data offortresses in Yansui town, the paper statistical analyzes the organization andmanagement of wasteland and garrison.Also, the origin and development of themarkets along the Great Wall in north west is important for us to discuss.On the otherhand, the paper has a statistical analysis of military plane layout, architectural features,detailed analysis from the aspects of architecture form regulation of the fortresses, andtries to summarize the form regulation of the city and architecture.Finally, the statistics summary of current preservation situation for fortresses inthe four towns in northwest presents that the development of city made great damagein most of the fortresses. So the various aspects reason of destruction on fortresses canhelp people to make scientific protection plan to save the fortresses of the Great Wallin the Ming dynasty.