Design Of Early Warning Devices To Prevent Cars’ Chain Collision On The Highway

The car’s chain collision is the most frequently, the most dangerous and the biggest loss accident in the world. It can cause traffic disruption, large of casualties and loss, and be prone to causing fire, secondary disasters and incidents. Furthermore, it’s difficult to making rescue. C urrently, it is the focus problem to reduce the impact of the serial events for intelligent transportation(ITS) development at home and abroad. The current development of domestic and foreign ITS mainly make efforts to avoid the initiative accident, such as vehicle to vehicle communication, or vehicle to road communication, vehicle speed detection, vehicle distance detection, periodic broadcasting network and so on. All of these methods is trying to get enough time for the driver, to take corresponding measures to avoid the occurrence of the accident. But once an accident has occurred, this reminder is not able to give the driver enough time to make reaction. Especially when it’ in low visibility, such as fog and haze at night or under such circumstances, the once accident is more likely to cause a chain collision.In this paper, it’s aiming to design an device which can effectively make early warning and avoiding the second incident in poor visibility conditions by combining the acceleration data collection, GPS global positioning system, road matching, the combination of wireless technology. It takes the ultra low power MSP430 microcontroller as the CPU control module; Using the dramatically changed acceleration as one of the important criterions of accident; Combining with the GPS receiving module, it receives real-time location information from global positioning satellites, and calculates the accurate position information of the vehicle, also matches the vehicles’ trajectory to the road; Once the first accident happened, the device installed in the accident vehicle will make the transmission of accident information by wireless communication module.In order to improve the accuracy of traffic accident determination, it takes the drastic changed acceleration as a basis for determining the traffic accident, and introduces it into anti-collision warning devices on the highway. Through improving the peripheral circuit of the acceleration sensor, it improves signal to noise ratio of the acceleration signal. Greatly improving the accuracy of data measurement and laying a solid foundation for accidents verifying. Once the accident, the accident vehicle may impacts on the rear of the vehicle traveling in the same direction. Combining the GPS global positioning system and the real-time road matching algorithm, it can determine current vehicle is before or after the accident vehicle accurately and improve the accuracy of early warning. By getting enough time for drivers to take appropriate measures to avoid a crash, it plays an significant role to reduce the second traffic accident rate.