Research Of Canyon Scenic Spot’s Landscape Visual Sensitivity Evaluation

The vast tracts of mountains and plateaus and plenty of rivers in China creat a large number of canyons with different types and wide distribution. Thereupon, the canyon scenic spot has gained favor among tourists benefited by its high ornamental value and tourism value. The trend of growth has obviously showed in tourism. However, during the construction of canyon scenic spot and the process of tourism’s development, pollution and destruction have been caused. Moreover, destructive artificial trace has been left because of people’s lack of understanding and attention to the landscape’s visual environment, and the improper handling of the relationship between protection and development. Unless effective measures have been applied into use, visual pollution will become the bottleneck of sustainable development of modern tourism.The evaluation of landscape visual sensitivity can be used as a measure to coordinate the protection and development of scenic spot’s visual resources. Namely, based on the analytic results of scenic spot’s landscape visual sensitivity, classified management should be taken to the landscape’s visual targets. What’s more, in order to realize the minimization of visual target’s extent of damage and to provide reference for the scenic spot’s sustainable planning and construction, hypersensitive areas must be paid further protection and hyposensitive areas can be rationally developed. However, positive effect of this method is not obvious mainly because of the deficient and backward relevant theoretical system and the lack of pertinence on the research of certain objects. As a result, scientific basis is scarce in the process of sensitivity evaluation and quantitative phenomenon has emerged for specific research objects. Therefore, profited from the reference of domestic scholars’traditional theories and practice, this paper carries inductive summary and tentative improvement to the existent traditional measures of evaluation and rating standard of various factors directed at the specific characteristics of valley scenic area. Taking advantage of GIS’s powerful functions of spatial analysis as a technical tool, a set of evaluated technology for canyon scenic spot’s visual sensitivity can be possibly summarized bound up with quantitative overlying of relative factors of landscape visual sensitivity to provide a more scientific and reasonable theoretical reference for the graded protection and management of the visual target.The contents of this thesis mainly consist of three parts:The first part is about basic research on evaluation theory. First of all, it analyzes canyon scenic landscape’s constitutive elements, scenic features and spatial visual characteristics on the purpose of a basic understanding of canyon scenic spot. Then, this part discusses the factors influencing landscape visual sensitivity, providing reference to the selection of the evaluation of landscape visual sensitivity’s index of the following parts.The second part is the study of evaluation technique, which is the core of the whole thesis, including four aspects:evaluation targets, evaluation principles and steps, establish of evaluation model, evaluation methods and evaluation results. According to the research object’s canyon visual characteristics, this paper selects and evaluates four deeper influential factors to the visual sensitivity:landscape’s relative slope Sa, relative distance Sd, visual chance St and significant degree Sc. In addition, hierarchical graph of integrated landscape visual sensitivity is formed based on Arc GIS. Finally, this part expounds that the evaluation of visual sensitivity applies mainly in classified management of landscape visual sensitivity’s target. And then it puts forward administrative measures to each area of managing level for providing scientific basis to canyon scenic spot’s visual resources’protection.The third part is case study. With the help of GIS technology in studying and analyzing the landscape visual sensitivity minutely, this part applies aforementioned index and method of evaluation into Chongqing’s Tanzhang canyon national scenic area. In detail, it divides the landscape comprehensive visual sensitivity into four levels from the high (I) to the low to (IV), and proposes corresponding classified management advices of visual target according to the analytical results.