| Water is the natural resources for human survival and the river Basin is the most direct link between human being and water environment. In recent years, water environment has been seriously destroyed and polluted by human unreasonable water resources utilization and industrial and agricultural sanitary sewage irregular emissions. So, the Ministry of Water Resources in order to implement the spirit of the Party’s Eighteenth National Congress, issued the “Opinions of the Ministry of water resources on accelerating the construction of ecological civilization of water”(Water Resources [2013]No.1). Water ecological civilization construction is a very important guarantee to the sustainable development. The watershed health is an important part of the water ecological civilization construction. Taking the sustainable development as the fundamental starting point, to alleviate the contradiction between human being and water resources and to achieve the harmonious development, we should first understand the watershed health status, which can provide technical support for the recovery and maintenance of the watershed health. Therefore, to evaluate scientifically the watershed health status and analyze reasonably its spatial variability rule has the significant practical meaning in the water ecological civilization construction.Based on theory framework of water-based system, in this paper, Naolihe catchment was selected for case study and divided into 12 research division. The watershed water-based system health evaluation index system was established according to the principle of selecting indicators. The 27 evaluation indexes are selected to deal with the index value, which the watershed health status was taken as the destination layer and the stability, harmony and evolution rate was the criteria layer. The subjective and objective weight index of evaluation index were calculated by the Analytic Hierarchy Process, Entropy Weight and Variation Coefficient method. To enhance the rationality and validity of the weights, the comprehensive weight was calculated by using subjective weights and objective weights. Combined comprehensive weights. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the health status of Naolihe catchment water-based system. The evaluation results show that the stability of the most areas of Naolihe catchment was very good and the First level was in the majority(more stable); the harmony was better and the Second level was in the majority(very harmonious); the stability evolution rate and harmony evolution rate were instability. Comprehensive results obtained that in the health evaluation of Naolihe catchment water-based system during 2005-2010 years, the water-based system health status of Bawuer farm、Bawusan farm、Raohe farm、Hongqiling、Fujin city and Baoqing county was in the Ⅱ level(the healthier) and Bawujiu farm、Shengli farm、Daxing farm、Hongwei farm、Wujiuqi farm、Raohe county was in the Ⅲ level(healthy). In conclusion, the whole watershed was in the state of comparative health.Based on the results of health evaluation, the spatial variation characteristics of the evaluation results were analyzed by using the Kriging interpolation method. The continuity and spatial correlation of the health status had been found, at the same that spatial anisotropy had been found in the Naolihe catchment. Because of the different of geographical position, the neighboring region of health status showing progressive changes vary that be demarcated by Naolihe. The river to the south of water-based system health status that was good, but the river to the north health status slightly worse. In order to analyze the sensitivity of important indexes for the evaluation results that 6 indexes be selected to study on the mutation effects of the index for the watershed health status according to the principle of maximum weight. The results showed that the influence degree of different indexes were not the same for the different regions. From the spatial variability analysis, the index changes only affect the individual regional health status, but the spatial distribution of health status was in Naolihe as a boundary. The river to the south of health status that was good, but the river to the north health status slightly worse. It shows that the development degree of Naolihe coast plays an important role for the watershed health status.According to the above research, the platform of the information management system of Naolihe catchment water-based system based on the C# software had been constructed, which supported by the DSS(Decision Support System) and GIS(Geographic Information System). The system as a more powerful tool was provided to manage and to promote informatization construction for the water-based system of Naolihe catchment. The researchful system was combined with the theory and method of the water-based system and watershed health, it had the important practical significance that the sustainable development of Sanjiang plain and the billion kg grain production project of Heilongjiang Province be implemented smoothly. |
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