Study On Airport Runway Foreign Object Debris Detection Technology Based On Machine Vision

With the rapid development of economic and improvement of living standards, airplane travel has become many people’s choice. Therefore, the flight safety of aircraft has been paid more and more attention. Foreign object debris on airport runway referred FOD(Foreign Object Debris) refers to all foreign objects damaged the safety of aircraft on the runway. FOD seriously affect flight safety of the aircraft, and therefore, the research of the airport runway foreign object detection and recognition technology has important practical significance.Firstly, the image pre-processing, image edge detection, image filtering and other related algorithms are researched and analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of the algorithm were compared. It provides the basis for the subsequent image processing to detect foreign object debris; Secondly, the common moving object detection algorithm and foreign object debris detection algorithm are researched and the advantages and disadvantages as well as the scope of the algorithm are summarized. The foreign object debris detection algorithm is improved that foreign object debris is detected through the adaptive mixture Gaussian filtering background subtraction combined with frame difference improved. The improved algorithm can effectively suppress the emergence of cavity inside foreign object so that the information of edge of the foreign object is more complete and the accuracy of detection of foreign bodies is improved; Then, the overall process of algorithm of the foreign object detection and tracking is designed which is to detect FOD by algorithm improved in the paper, and then use the median filter and morphological filtering to de-noising for the initial image detected, then use an method of area of de-noising to further remove noise and final to real-time calibrate and track FOD with method of gravity calibrated and the algorithm of Kalman filtering; Finally, the algorithms are simulated on the platform of VC ++ and Opencv and the experiments of FOD detection are done in different situations based on platform of DM6437-vehicle mobile test device,including single foreign body goals, more foreign objects and foreign object detection in different lighting conditions. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm of FOD detected in this paper can reduce the influence of background mutation, improve the accuracy of detection and make alarm rate and missing rate lower, so that the foreign objects are calibrated and tracked more accurate and effective.