Study On Fire Smoke Control For Huaihai Underground Mall

With the rapid development of urbanization, many cities built underground commercial building in order to improve the space utilization of the city. However, Relative to the commercial buildings on the ground, underground commercial building has strong construction closeness, bad ventilation and day-lighting and exhaust smoke, outstanding fire hazards, In case of fire, evacuation and fire fighting will change more difficult and the formative fire will cause significant loss of personnel and property. due to the particularity of its structure, geography, environment, etc. According to the statistics data show that in building fire is about75%～85%of the deaths are caused by smoke suffocation,and the harm of smoke thermal radiation, toxic and reduce optical damage for people in underground commercial building.Although in our country, some setting standard about the design of building smoke have be ruled in some National Norm of Fire System Design. Because of the complexity of the fire safety problem of underground commercial buildings, fire prevention and control design cant fully meet the forcase needs of building fire protection,according to common fire system design. Therefore, underground commercial building smoke control research work has great value and appeals to more and more attention.Firstly, this paper analyzes the underground structures’ research status of fire smoke flow and control all over the world from physical experiment research, model experimental research and computer numerical simulation research. Secondly, This paper analyzes the fire plume phenomenon by the fire dynamics theory and driving power theory of smoke spread summarizes the underground commercial building fire smoke control technology systematically, and comparative analyzes the underground commercial building fire smoke control effect by the means of computer numerical simulation method. Then the paper simulates the fire smoke flow field under the ten different condition of natural filling and mechanical smoke exhaust system in a fireproof partition by the software FDS, on the basis of huaihai underground mall and considering the characteristics of its structure and use of complexity,. The simulation’s background is based on one underground commercial building of a certain city. Thirdly, this paper analyzes smoke layer height changing and shows smoke temperature, CO concentration, distribution of visibility by the fire danger critical height of Z=2m, comparative analysis the effect of smoke control in different conditions. Simulation studies show that:the restriction function of60cm smoke hanging arm has little effect for obstructing smoke spread in the condition of smoke natural filling. The changed position of fire has enormous influence on the flow process of smoke. Under the work of Mechanical exhaust system, the smoke temperature and CO concentration declined, the distribution of visibility raised. Appropriate increase of smoke or smoke wind speed can effectively improve the flue smoke temperature, CO concentration and visibility. Increasing fill air volume appropriately can reduce the flue gas temperature, CO concentration and dilution improve visibility. For specific fire scenario, changing the exhaust mouth arrangement can effectively reduce the smoke temperature CO concentration, improve the visibility of the scene of fire. Finally this paper concluded that improving the smoke exhaust quantity, changing the way of smoke extraction and air make-up layout conditions in the fire zone at the same time, that can achieve more effective control of fire smoke.Believe in me, the research achievement of the paper will bring some useful scientific basis for the people that engaged in underground commercial building smoke control design and safety evacuation design. Honestly, it is worth reading and studying.