The Research On Climate Adaptation Of Traditional Settlement And Residential Building In Tongren Valley Region Of Qinghai Province

The modern architecture developed and spread as the industrial revolution brought technological progress. With the change of people’s production and life style, modern architecture meet people’s need for new buildings, and thus expanded in the global range widely. The urban landscape known as the "international style" has gradually formed and traditional local architectural features gradually disappeared. Monotonous architecture style covered the original architectural culture and diversity. At the same time, the single technology processing to living environment departure from the construction style in which the traditional architecture adapted to the nature, which brought continuous reaction of the environment and destruction of the living environment.The traditional architecture is restricted and influenced by the natural conditions. In different regions, the space form, the technology composition, the function layout of the architecture varies with significant local charateristics. Among these factors, the climate played an important role. The Tongren region in Qinghai Province, which located in the intersection of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Loess Plateau, had a complex geographical condition and changeable regional climate, a blend of different nationalities, different cultures made the local traditional settlement architectures inherit a construction mode which adapted to the regional climate characteristics. Through analysis of the traditional regional climate concept, the traditional construction mode of Tongren area were analyzed and summarized with the architectural typology method, with the objective of the architecture creation under the specific climate condition in Tongren area, the design principle that the traditional architecture should adapt to the local climate was proposed.Combined with the selected topic, this paper mainly includes the following several aspects:1. Problems existing in the domestic and foreign architectural creation during the economic society development were analyzed and summarized, the regional architecture creation was proposed as the theme of the future development, a clear research direction and significance was indicated.2. The influence of natural conditions on the regional architecture was studied, taking the climate factor as the main starting point, the climate view in Chinese traditional architecture construction and modern architecture creation was discussed, which suggested that the climate is the connecting link between the tradition and the modern.3. The natural conditions in studied area- Tongren area in Qinghai province – was analyzed and summarized, which include the regional natural conditions, the ethnic composition, the regional architecture difference and the traditional architecture types responding to the regional climate characteristics.4. Combined with field research, the traditional settlement space shape features in Tongren area was analyzed, the relationship between the space morphology of the traditional architecture and the regional climate was comprehensively discussed from several aspects such as settlement layout, plane characteristics of architecture, the closure of elevation etc.5. The traditional architecture conformation in Tongren area was studied, which mainly about the materials and composition, the specific detail construction methods, and disadvantages avoiding and disaster prevention in construction.6. Through the summary of the preceding chapters, the space mode and technical mode which adapt to the regional architecture features under the warm cold semi-arid climate in Tongren area was proposed in modern architecture creation.