Study On Design Of Optical Illusion Deceleration Markings In Section Of Highway Long Tunnel Entrance And Exit

With the increase of investment funds on highway construction, the number of big tunnel is continuously increasing, especially long tunnels. As well as the traffic safety problems is increasingly emerging. The number of traffic accidents occurred on the long tunnel entrance is two times more than on the normal roads. Through statistically analyzing 433 cases of domestic tunnel accidents, it concludes that the number of accidents happened on the tunnel entrance is maximum and over speeding is one of the main causes leading to frequent accidents. As the traffic safety on tunnel entrance gradually getting attention, it’s necessary to setting effective speed control facilities to reduce speed and ensure the driving safety.Through analyzing the tunnel deceleration facilities, it concludes that most belong to half mandatory reduction facilities, which have influence on the driving comfort. The optical illusion deceleration markings, which aim at affecting drivers’ sense perception and based on the optical illusion principle, can make the driver initiatively reduce speed and have no influence on the driving comfort. Appropriate optical illusion deceleration markings are chosen to set on tunnel entrance and setting applicable parameters based on the changing driving environment of tunnel entrance could effectively reduce speed and increase the driving safety.Based on the real vehicle experiment on long tunnel, the driving speed changing rule on tunnel entrance is analyzed. Considering different vehicle speeds would have effect on drivers’ visual sense when driving into or off the tunnel. Driver pupil area change is taken as characterization parameters. After drawing the corresponding figure and making analysis on the change rules, the suitable speed is obtained with getting into or off the tunnel. Through analyzing the driving environment of the tunnel entrance section and the driver’s visual characteristics, combined with the speed change rule and the appropriate driving speed, the parameters’ calculation models of chevron markings on the tunnel entrance and comb tooth markings on the tunnel exist are respectively set up. Based on the experimental data, different initial velocities are chosen and the expected velocity is determined, and then substitutes both into the model to calculate to get the corresponding position setting parameters of optical illusion markings. It provides theoretical foundation for setting optical illusion markings on long tunnel entrance, which has certain reference value.