Studying On Ecological Water Need And Ecological Water Consumption In The Lower Reaches Of Hutubi River Basin

Xinjiang is located in the northwest border of our country, affected by its special geographical position, the regional present the characteristics of scarce rainfall, strong evaporation, the lack of water resources. The ecological environment is becoming fragile by the restriction of water conditions. Water that is for the oasis, anhydrous namely change the desert, is the relationship between the ecological environment and water resources in arid zone of the most incisive expression. The total quantity water resources of Xinjiang is limited, and Xinjiang is a irrigated agricultural area, the ecological water use is occupied by agricultural and industrial water use, the normal growth of the ecological environment become more fragile, because of the limited resource. For the whole area of Xinjiang, the unreasonable water structure is one of the important factors to promote the deterioration of the ecological environment.Hutubi River Basin is located in the Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Changji, Xinjiang, is a typical arid inland flow region, the middle and lower reaches of the plain and desert area is of runoff consumption, its annual average runoff is 5.14 ′108 m3. Because of scarce precipitation and intense evaporation present in the middle and lower reaches of Hutubi River Basin and there are large number of irrigation area, the ecological environment is fragile, ecological water requirement cannot be satisfied and large area of desert distributed in the northern of the basin. Based on this, this study selected the lower reaches of Hutubi River Basin as the study area, take 2011 as the base year to study the ecological water requirement and ecological water consumption, hoping to provide a reliable basis for the basin water effective utilization of resources and ecological environment construction.This study is mainly based meteorological data, vegetation area data and using the Penman-Monteith method to calculate the vegetation ecological water requirement; vegetation ecological water consumption is calculated by the method of Potential evaporation; the method of Montana is used to calculate river ecological water requirement; river ecological water consumption is the evaporation of the river.The results are as follows, the amount of ecological water requirement of 2011 in the lower reaches of Hutubi River Basin is 9.28′108 m3. The outside river ecological water requirement was 7.34′108 m3, of which the forest, natural grassland, farmland protection forest, crop water requirement respectively were 0.84′108 m3, 3.67′108 m3, 0.38′108 m3, 2.45′108 m3; The river ecological water requirement is 1.94′108 m3.The ecological water consumption of 2011 in the lower reaches of Hutubi River Basin were 5.04′108 m3. Among them, the natural forest, natural grassland, farmland protection forest, crop water consumption respectively were 0.33′108 m3, 1.63′108 m3, 0.25′108 m3 and 2.82′108 m3, respectively accounting for 6.55%, 32.34%, 4.96% and 55.95% of the total ecological water consumption. The water evaporation of river were 0.01′108 m3, accounting for 0.20% of the total ecological water consumption.The amount of available water resources in Hutubi River Basin of 2011 is 7.35′108 m3, through the comparative analysis of ecological water requirement in the lower reaches of Hutubi River Basin and the amount of the available water resources can be find, in the lower reaches of Hutubi River Basin in 2011 in the overall state is of ecological water shortage, the ecological water shortage is about 1.93′108 m3. By contrasting ecological water consumption in the lower reaches of the Hutubi River Basin and the amount of available water resources can be seen, in the available water resources, there are 5.04′108 m3 of water used for ecological consumption, there are 2.31′108 m3 water leaved for the living water and industrial water and ecological water storage.