The Research Of Ecological Environmental Water Demand In The Typical Area Of The Yellow River Basin

The water resources in our country are scarcer than the rest of the world. The water shortage is the main problem of the local society in many provinces and cities in the northwest of China. Human’s excessive and unreasonable utilization of water resources, not only restricting social and economic development, but resulting in the deterioration of ecological environment.In the context of the ecological environment, the process of various life activities and material circulation, water resource is one of the most active core element.How to reasonable use water resources, make it to the healthy development of the ecological environment is still an important subject.In the process of development and utilization of water resources, not only need to consider the life and production water requirement, but also the ecological and environmental water requirement.This article came from the project “The Research of River Basin Water Resources Utilization between Yellow River and Murry-Darling River in the Changing Environment” which is worked with Australia. It will take the Yan river basin as a study area, carry out of the ecological environment water demand forecasting in the typical river basin of the Yellow River.The research background of ecological and environmental water requirement, research progress at home and abroad andthe problems at present have been discussed.In combination with characteristics of regional situation and the ecological environment in the study area,analyzing the ecological water requirement theory research and calculation of relevant treatment methods, pointing out the ecological environmental water demand is mainly made from water area ecological environmental water demand and land area ecological environmental water demand. The water area ecological environmental water demand is made up of the basic ecological water requirement, river pollution self-purification water demand and sediment transport water requirement. The land area ecological environmental water demand is made up ofgreen vegetation water requirement and industrial land water requirement.Selecting the appropriate water requirement model and calculation method to calculate the ecological water demand. Calculating the basic ecological environmental water requirement in Yan river basin by Tennant method, Texas method and the basic method of ecological water requirement.Calculating the pollution self-purification water demand in Yan river basin by recent 10 years minimum monthly flow method and 90% assurance minimum monthly flow method. Calculating the Sediment water demand in Yan river basin by the biggest monthly sediment concentration method. Using the above three kinds of ecological environment water demand take out of the final river water demand of ecological environment. The result is about 11.29×108m3.Interpreting the satellite remote sensing images in the study area through RS technique, mappingthe land use situation by ArcGIS,extracting green vegetation land and industrial land areas. Accounting the water demand of ecological environment in land area by area of norm method and diving evaporation method. The result is about 1.31×108m3.Combining the Yan river basin ecological and environmental water requirement amount putting forward the relevant countermeasures and suggestions about the protection of ecological environment water requirement in Yan river basin.