Estimation Of Indoor Thermal Environment In Rural Residences In Chongqing

In this thesis, theoretical analysis, field survey and test and simulation were used to study rural residences in Chongqing, the method of thermal environment evaluation in free-running buildings was improved, the thermal environment in existing rural residences was studied, and the difference of thermal environment and energy-saving efficiency of rural residences obeying different insulation code were compared.Firstly, existing method of thermal environment were reviewed and analyzed, domestic and foreign standard of thermal environment evaluation were analyzed to find their characteristics and effective scope, their effectivity in rural area was probed, and those method that can be used to evaluate thermal environment in rural residences were selected. These work confirmed that a method in the Chinese National Standard Evaluation standard for indoor thermal environment in civil building is more suitable than other methods to use in rural residences, but the method has still two shortages when be used in Chongqing. One of the shortages is that the method does not focus on acceptability but only comfort. The other shortage is that some of the factor used in the method has not threshold, which is unreasonable. It is necessary to remove the shortages before use it.Referring literature and relative rural standards, a lower limit temperature of acceptable thermal environment that 8℃ was assumed. To confirm the rationality of the lower limit, thermal environment in typical rural residences in Chongqing were measured. The data show that the air temperature in rural residences which have general or relative good living conditions is around 8℃,so the assumption is rational. The dress habits of rural residents in Chongqing was surveyed. Referring the data of field survey and literature, rational value of the clothing insulation was determined. Which is 1.0clo in summer and 0.4clo in winter.The modified method of thermal environment evaluation was used to evaluate the thermal environment in rural residences in Chongqing. The data of parameters of thermal environment was determined by simulation. The results show that uncomfortable periods were normally appeared in July and August in summer and in January in winter. Adobe residences have the most comfortable thermal environment in winter. In summer, New Village Residences have the most comfortable thermal environment. The effect of nighttime ventilation and fan on thermal environment were simulated and evaluated. The results show that fan can obviously improve indoor thermal environment and night time ventilation is also effective.Finally, the effect of high envelop insulation on thermal environment and efficiency of energy-saving in rural residences were simulated. Compared with present situation, the results show that high envelop insulation can considerably improve indoor thermal environment in winter, but inefficient in summer. In heating or cooling conditions, high envelop insulation can obviously improve the efficient of energy-saving.