The Bucket Shape Optimization Of Backhoe Hydraulic Excavator Working Attachment Based On Parametric Modeling

Hydraulic excavator is the main construction machinery which plays a very important role in areas such as industrial and civil construction, road construction, water conservancy, mining, municipal engineering, airport, port and national defense facilities. As the main component of a hydraulic excavator, working attachment is composed of bucket, boom and arm. Bucket is the most direct load-bearing component, which means the bucket slips and contacts with rock and salt directly with huge external force causing drastic wearing. Therefore, whether the structure and shape of bucket is reasonable or not will directly affect the excavator performance. At present, in the design of domestic hydraulic excavator, there is much more research on boom and arm such as parameterized modeling, stress analysis and optimization, however, similar research about bucket is less as compared. Therefore, research on hydraulic excavator bucket, optimize the bucket shape to improve the efficiency of mining has high practical engineering value and significance.This paper will provide a certain 8.5T backhoe hydraulic excavator as the research object, with bucket shape optimization design as the goal. On the one hand, use the software of backhoe hydraulic excavator hinge-force calculation in special working condition based on Visual Basic language to calculate the digging resistance under a certain digging condition, establish a parametric 3d bucket model in ANSYS software, divide into grid, load and solve, form a complete APDL language command flow at the same time; On the other hand in MATLAB software, use the optimization method of enumeration method to program to call APDL language command flow to do optimization calculation, and finally obtain a bucket shape optimal design scheme. The main contents of this paper are listed as follows:①Excavator machine kinematics and mechanics model is set up to solve the hinge points coordinates of the work device and the mathematical expression of the whole machine digging force. A working gesture is selected to calculate the digging force by the software of backhoe hydraulic excavator performance analysis based on Visual Basic language, where the arm cylinder is fully shrank and in its lowest position,and the bucket tooth, the hinge points of the bucket and boom, and the hinge points of the boom and the arm locate in a vertical line, and the angle between the boom cylinder and the boom end is 90 °.②The parametric bucket 3d model is established in the ANSYS software, divided into grid, loaded and solved, and a complete APDL language command flow is formed at the same time.③The optimization method of enumeration method is used to program to call APDL language command flow to do optimization calculation in the MATLAB software, and finally a bucket shape optimal design scheme is obtained.④Comparison with the strength analysis results of the original design scheme is done to demonstrate the effectiveness of the bucket optimization scheme to improve the performance and save manufacturing materials and the digging power, which provide certain theoretical basis of bucket design for the enterprises.