Large Commercial Complex Performance-based Smoke Control System Design

Due to their large cubic construction of large commercial indoor shopping street, complex functional division, lead to fire control design is more, especially in smoke control design. For the fire, Due to the large shopping mall structure and personnel intensive etc. characteristics, Once the fire happens,it could easily result in group death and group injury etc.disastrous consequences and leads to social instability, the shock of the international community. The fire smoke is one of the most important reasons that cause casualties, the vast majority of the casualties causing by the fire happening is due to smoked down, poisoning, suffocation. In order to control fire smoke effectively and timely, to provide enough evacuation time available for people to escape safely, to provide favorable conditions for fire rescue when the fire happens accidently, smoke control system design is especially necessary.The smoke control system design is mainly based on the current code for fire protection design, but the large commercial building complex structure is complex, the smoke control system is designed according to the specification is often difficult to meet the requirements of practical engineering, disconnect with the engineering practice. In large space, smoke face "chromatography phenomenon" and the "thermal barrier effect"; 2014 edition of the code building of fire protection in the design of indoor pedestrian street, advocate the use of natural smoke exhaust. But natural smoke exhaust are greatly influenced by the wind, once appear, against the wind, will cause serious consequences.In this paper, starting from the engineering requirements of large commercial complex, for this type of building in encountered in the design of smoke exhaust of smoke layer "chromatography phenomenon" and "thermal barrier effect" and the problem of natural smoke exhaust are influenced by the outside wind. Starting from the basic theory of fire smoke, performance-based design concept, using the numerical simulation method, under the setting of fire scenario, using FDS software simulation environment temperature distribution of large space fire smoke filling spread and the influence of the outside world the wind effect on large space of natural smoke exhaust gas flow. According to the corresponding simulation results, combined with xi ’an da wanda project, the design method of smoke control system is proposed.(1) From the results of numerical simulation, the summer of indoor temperature is higher, because the air conditioning and ceiling light, smoke "thermal barrier effect" is the most significant; Indoor temperature lower in winter, the thermal barrier effect of flue gas can be ignored;(2) For the large commercial building complex, adopts the mechanical smoke extraction method is more advantageous, use pedestrian street front glass curtain wall open natural tuyere is a simple and economic method for the wind.