Passengers Safety Evacuation Study Based On Numerical Simulation Of Subway Fire

Subway is a relatively closed place with a large number of people. Human evacuation is difficult in subway when the fire breaks out. The internal smoke will spread rapidly and the temperature will rise sharply. It is likely to cause significant property damage and other serious consequences. Therefore, the study on the spread of smoke and passengers safety evacuation is important to improve the security of the subway system.This paper builds a physical model on the basis of Pengcheng Square Station, in order to investigate the distribution of fire smoke flow and temperature. A cube is assumed to represent the source of fire. To summarize the characteristics of the fire, eight different locations of the fire are assumed. Also, favorable ventilation and the correct escaping routes are proposed based on the simulation.Then, Evacuation speed is calculated with the analysis of the characteristics of the fire, the available safety egress time, the required safety egress time and the influence factors. Three-dimensional modeling of the subway evacuation space, personnel movement modeling, modeling human behavior modeling are built. Eight different fire scenarios and six different composition of the passenger evacuation are assumed to get the characteristic data of evacuation and favorable ventilation. Finally, the gray correlation analysis method is used to find out the influence of various factors on passengers evacuation and the efficiency between various factors.The results are meaningful and valuable to the design of Metro emergency system and passengers evacuation.