Fire Smoke And Personnel Evacuation Simulation Of Arch Subway Station

Subway is a simple and convenient,high-speed and efficient way to solve the traffic jam.With the rapid development of the subway,the safety of subway operation can not be ignored.Subway fire is the largest and most fatal in subway accidents,and the main cause of the casualties is the toxic smoke produced by the fire.Therefore,it is important to study the ventilation and exhaust mode and evacuation of the subway station to reduce the casualties and loss of property.Based on the research background of an arched non column subway station in Qingdao,the station compresses the construction space,designs the top of the station hall into an arch and cancels the support column in the station,so as to ensure that the space of the personnel is not affected.According to the structural characteristics and the way of smoke exhaust of the arch station,the arch hall fire is studied.First,the ignition point is set in the middle of the station hall,and the FDS software is used to simulate the change of the smoke concentration and temperature at each point under the natural smoke exhaust,and the rule of the smoke spread is obtained.Secondly,when the station hall is ignited,comparing the smoke spread and temperature distribution under different smoke exhausting modes,and the best row is selected.Then,under the optimum smoke exhaust mode,different risk points are selected as ignition points at the station floor,and to simulate the change of smoke concentration,temperature and visibility at different times in the height of 1.8m,observing the influence of the various exits,and to get the safe evacuation time of the personnel.Finally,the Pathfinder software is used to combine the personnel evacuation with the fire development.Through the research on the personnel load,type and speed,the simulation environment is established to simulate the flow of personnel under different fire conditions,and obtain the necessary safe evacuation time.Two evacuation times are compared to determine whether the subway station can finish the safe evacuation.According to the station hall evacuation simulation results,suggestions and effective ways to evacuate personnel are put forward.Through the simulation and analysis of the fire indexes of the arch subway station,the best way to exhaust smoke and the escape exit are selected.It has a certain practical reference value for the same type of subway station.