Study On Fire Evacuation Strategy And Smoke Flow Law Of Metro Station

With the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid increase of urban population,subway,as an important tool of modern urban traffic,alleviates the urban traffic congestion caused by the increase of urban population.However,subway belongs to underground buildings,its internal space is narrow,and there are few entrances and exits connected with the outside world.In case of fire and other safety accidents,the safety of life and property of passengers will be created As a serious threat,how to effectively control the fire situation and evacuate passengers quickly and safely when the accident occurs is a problem worthy of our attention.In this paper,a overlapped subway station in Qingdao is taken as the research object.An analysis model is built on the platform of pyrosim and Pathfinder.Through the simulation of fire smoke flow and evacuation,the characteristics of fire smoke flow are analyzed,and the available evacuation time to reach the danger standard is obtained,and people escape to the safety zone The comparison of safety evacuation time is used to guide the design of ventilation and smoke exhaust system and personnel evacuation strategy.Through the simulation analysis of four different fire sources,it is found that the existing smoke control system can provide safe evacuation environment for people.This paper continues to optimize the smoke control system in the subway station,mainly from three aspects: the layout of the uniform smoke outlet,the addition of smoke proof air curtain at the stairway entrance and the study of different opening and closing modes of adjustable ventilation screen door system.The results show that: first,the smoke control effect after the smoke outlet of platform layer is better than that before optimization;second,the setting of air curtain can effectively prevent the spread of high temperature smoke to the stairwell,and the optimal jet velocity of air curtain is 3m /s ～ 4m/s;third,for the adjustable ventilation platform door system,the opening of ventilation window can assist the exhaust of smoke so as to effectively control the platform The environment.At the same time,when opening the screen door and the ventilation window,the smoke exhaust effect is the best,the smoke exhaust effect of opening the ventilation window alone is the second,and the smoke exhaust effect of opening the screen door alone is the worst.This mode should be avoided in practical application.The research of this paper combines the smoke flow law of subway fire with the fire evacuation of people,which provides a certain reference value for the smoke control and evacuation system and evacuation strategy of the overlapped group tunnel subway in case of fire.At the same time,this paper optimizes the smoke control system in the subway station,which has a significant effect,and has some suggestions for the design and operation of the actual smoke control and evacuation system in the subway fire It has certain reference significance.