Research On The Law Of Personnel Retention And Evacuation Design In Commercial Complex Building Based On Black Box Theory

At present, the personnel density value of large commercial complex evacuation design process still refers to the traditional standards. Under the influence of the network shopping and the good entertainment environment, the personnel density of the typical commercial complex was significantly lower than that of the traditional store business hall. In order to study the commercial complex personnel density value, this thesis made a study on the basis data of personnel retention. Based on the black box theory, this thesis designed a typical commercial complex personnel retention law research experiment.Selecting a commercial complex in Xuzhou as the research object, 98 time samples were investigated by the method of full time video recording, including 60 working day, 24 weekends, 2 legal holidays. According to the personnel retention law model of black box theory, the thesis made the people who enter the building as the input of the system, and made the people who leave the building as the output of the system. It could get the curve of personnel retention. Using MATLAB data processing software got calculation formula of personnel retention.The commercial complex personnel retention law was researched and found that: the personnel retention curves of commercial complexes during Weekdays, Saturdays and National Day were divided into four stages: steady rise stage, growth stagnation stage, rapid rise stage and rapid decline stage. And the form of the formulas of personnel retention was consistent. The personnel retention curve of Sunday appeared the shape of “Bactrian camel”. Personnel retention was increasing firstly and decreasing afterwards, then increasing, and finally appeared a rapid decline. Two peaks occured within one day. The personnel retention during the Spring Festival was influenced by traditional customs and business promotion activities. On New Year’s Eve afternoon, the amount of personnel retention decreased rapidly. On New Year’s Eve evening, there was almost no personnel retention. The personnel retention from Lunar New Year’s Day to the fifth day was about three to four times to the personnel retention during working days.The personnel density of commercial complex gained by test was 0.19 p/m2, and the computational method of people load applied to typical commercial complex was obtained by analyzing the reason of personal density difference. The impacts of personnel density on evacuation parameters was study by Pathfinder. The results showed that the security exits flow of people was large and human evacuating time could be controlled less than 450 s when the number of people in commercial complex was about 12 000. When the people load was between 8 500 and 12 000, human evacuating times were basically the same. Although the value of people load in this commercial complex gained by personnel retention’s method is 15 000, the regulations of people forewarning management with 12 000 is recommended to reserve. The effectiveness of exits,aisles and staircases should also be guaranteed in the evacuation design of commercial complex. The field investigations on typical commercial complex showed that many common problems of evacuation management could be found in different commercial complex. Therefore, in view of the common problems in the field, relevant suggestions are put forward for the design of the evacuation.