Research On Personnel Emergency Evacuation Process Simulation For Urban Large-scale Commercial Complex Fire

With the rapid development of China’s economy,the forms of commercial buildings are becoming more and more diversified.Large commercial complexes usually integrate catering,guest rooms,commerce and entertainment,achieving the goal of multiple functions of a building,with the characteristics of urban concentration.A large number of harmful and toxic fumes and complex evacuation routes all put forward strict conditions for emergency evacuation of commercial complex.In this paper,the fire emergency evacuation process of commercial complex is analyzed mainly through literature research at home and abroad and field research,and relevant conclusions are drawn about the emergency evacuation process of urban large-scale commercial complex,so as to improve the safety of personnel evacuation.The main research contents and achievements of this paper are as follows:(1)Through the actual investigation,the fire hazard area of the commercial complex is determined.After a period of field statistics,based on the black box theoretical model of commercial complex,the time-division statistics of commercial complex were conducted to determine the approximate flow of people,and the proportion of personnel was: 40% of adult males,40% of adult females,10% of children and 10% of the elderly,which provided parameter reference for simulation.Through investigation and analysis,it is found that the commercial comprehensive experience will peak in the range of 12:00 to 14:00 and 18:00 to 19:00,so it is necessary to arrange a reasonable emergency evacuation plan for this time period.(2)By comparing the available evacuation time of personnel and the necessary evacuation time of personnel,it can be known that under the effective condition of the automatic sprinkler system,people on all floors can be safely evacuated when there is a fire in the shops and restaurants on the pedestrian street,as well as in the atrium and the underground supermarket.If the automatic sprinkler system fails and the fire shutter does not fall off normally,the safety of evacuation process of some fire scene personnel cannot be guaranteed.Therefore,it is suggested to carry out regular maintenance of the automatic sprinkler system and fire shutter to ensure its reliable and effective operation.(3)In the process of emergency evacuation,a comparison was made between the evacuation time of large commercial complex under the two scenarios of overall evacuation and staged evacuation.It was found that,to a certain extent,the evacuation efficiency of staged evacuation was higher than that of overall evacuation.Overall evacuation efficiency improved by 8.5%,reducing congestion in the evacuation staircases.Considering the spreading characteristics of flue gas comprehensively,in case of fire,evacuation should be conducted in the direction deviating from the position of the fire source.It is suggested to evacuate the burning floor first,and then evacuate in batches according to the order of the floors from high to low.