Major Gene And Polygene Hybrid Genetic Analysis On Main Traits Of Waxy Maize

The inheritance of ten major traits were studied on each of two crosses of six generations (P1、F1、P2、B1、B2、F2) of waxy maize by the method of major gene and polygene hybrid genetic analysis from Gai Junyi. The results as follows:1.Major gene and polygene genetic analysis on starch viscosity trait of waxy maizeThe inheritance of starch viscosity trait in cross Ⅰ fitted the model of one pair of additive major gene and additive-dominant polygene, which had the highest selection efficiency in F2. The inheritance of starch viscosity trait in cross Ⅱ fitted the model of one pair of additive major gene and additive-dominant polygene, which had the highest selection efficiency in F2.2. Major gene and polygene genetic analysis on yield traits of waxy maizeThe inheritance of ear length trait in cross Ⅰ fitted the model of additive-dominant polygene, which had the higher selection efficiency in B2and F2. The inheritance of ear length trait in cross Ⅱ fitted the model of additive-dominant polygene, which had the highest selection efficiency in F2.The inheritance of ear diameter trait in cross Ⅰ fitted the model of one pair of additive-dominant major gene and additive-dominant polygene, which had the highest selection efficiency in F2. The inheritance of ear diameter trait in cross Ⅱ fitted the model of additive-dominant polygene, which had the higher selection efficiency in B1and F2.The inheritance of grain number per row trait in cross Ⅰ fitted the model of one pair of additive-dominant major gene and additive-dominant polygene, which had the highest selection efficiency in F2. The inheritance of grain number per row trait in cross Ⅱ fitted the model of additive-dominant polygene, which had the highest selection efficiency in F2.The inheritance of100-kernel weight trait in cross Ⅰ fitted the model of one pair of additive-dominant major gene and additive-dominant polygene, which had the highest selection efficiency in F2. The inheritance of100-kernel weight trait in cross Ⅱ fitted the model of additive-dominant polygene, which had the higher selection efficiency in F2.The inheritance of single spike kernel weight trait in cross I fitted the model of one pair of additive-dominant major gene and additive-dominant polygene, which had the highest selection efficiency in F2. The inheritance of single spike kernel weight trait in cross II fitted the model of two pair of additive-dominant major gene and additive-dominant polygene, which had the higher selection efficiency in B2.The model wasn’t discovered in this experiment about inheritance of bold-tip length trait,so the inheritance effects about bold-tip length trait weren’t estimated.3. Major gene and polygene genetic analysis on plant type traits of waxy maizeThe inheritance of stem length traits in two crosses fitted the model of additive-dominant polygene, both of which had the highest selection efficiency in F2.The inheritance of ear height traits in two crosses fitted the model of additive-dominant polygene, both of which had the highest selection efficiency in F2.The inheritance of stem diameter trait in crosses Ⅰ fitted the model of additive-dominant polygene, which had the highest selection efficiency in B2. The inheritance of stem diameter trait in crosses Ⅱ fitted the model of additive-dominant polygene, which had the highest selection efficiency in B1.The all of results showed in two crosses of waxy maize that the starch viscosity trait conformed to the D-2model,that was the model of one pair of additive major gene and additive-dominant polygene; in terms of yield characters, only the inheritance of ear-length characters of the two combination accord with the model of C, that was the model of additive-dominant polygene; in terms of plant type characters, the inheritance of stem length, ear position length and spear thickness accord with the model of C, that was the model of additive-dominant polygene. The model wasn’t discovered in this experiment about inheritance of bold-tip length trait.Other traits had different models about genetic traits in the two crosses.