| Genetic diversity of oats has been studied through examining biological traits (morphological) and ISSR molecular marks (genetic) of48oat germplasm. Main objectivesof the study are to evaluate current oat germplasm; to select superior ones suitable to local conditions of Qinghai province; and to provide technical guideline for furthercross breeding programs. The results are as following:1. Nineteen agronomic indicators of48hull oats germplasm have been observed, and theircoefficients of variation and diversity indexes have been analyzed. The results showed thatrich diversity exists in quantitative traits, which implied wide genetic range and betteropportunities of germplasm improvement. Variation of phenotypes is caused by mutualimpacts of environment and genetic variation.2. The results of the principal component analysis on15quantitative traits showed that6principal components were tillering number, round layers, spike length, grain number of mainspike, grain weight of main spike and spikelet number3. Fourty-eight oat germplasm have been grouped4according to results of cluster analysison19phenotypes. It is recommended that those in group I be used as parents of breedingprogram with multi-objectives; that those in group II be lodging germplasm; that those ingroup III be used as parents of breeding programs for dwarf varieties; and that those in groupIV be used as parents of cross breeding programs for grain weight.4. Maturity of these germplasm is defined as the early, the mid and the late. The earlygermplasm A14showed better phenotypes than other early germpalsm, A37and A38, e.g.higher leaf proportion and fresh forage yield, which could be used for breeding early maturityvarieties. Compared with other late germplasm A28, A29, A34, A35, A36, A41and A42, thelate ones A29, A34and A42had better fodder and seed yield, which could be used forbreeding late maturity varieties.5. The results of productivity evaluation showed that following germplasm had betterfoliage, A05, A09, A13, A15, A16, A26, A31, A35, A40and A42; that following germplasmhad better seed setting, A01, A03, A08, A10, A13, A14, A22, A23, A24, A28、A29、A44、A45、A46、A47、A48; that following germplasm had better fresh forage yield, A23、A14、A16; thatfollowing germplasm had better seed yield, A13、A29、A32、A33、A44、A48.6. ISSR molecular markers on48germplasm have been studied using9selected primers. The results showed that48germplasm were highly polymorphic.134polymorphic bandshave been obtained, with range of variation9–19bands.14.9bands have been averagelydetected for one primer,10.8(72.39%) of which showed polymorphic. Genetic similaritycoefficient was0.47–0.90. The results of cluster analysis on ISSR indicated that germplasmfrom same location can be grouped as a cluster group, and cluster groups showed significantlydifferentiation of geographical characters. |
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