Research On Biological Characteristics And Genetic Diversity Of Shiraia Bambusicola P.Hennings

Shiraia bambusicola P. Hennings is a medicinal fungus growing on the twigs of bamboo plants with the higher value in medicinal use. Along with the discovery of the photosensitive hypocrellin (hypoerellin A and hypocrellin B), S. bambusicola has increasing received recognition in research and application. The natural resources of S. bambusicola have rapidly reduced recently because of the large-scale collection and the habitat destruceion. The resources would be in severe danger if there are no any protective measures and availability of sustainable use atrategies. It is imminent to protect the resources of S. bambusicola.In order to understand the biological characteristics of Shiraia bambusicola, looked for the resources of S. bambusicola in Guizhou, it was undertaken that observation of S. bambusicola natural occurrence and the habitat of the host plants as well as collection of the second-handed information. At the same time, collected the source of S. bambusicola stroma from Guizhou, and identified the host bamboo Phyllostachys bambusides Sieb. et Zucc. Isolated and purified7new strain, through the morphological analysis and ITS sequence analysis, the results show that the7isolates were all S. bambusicola. comparative analysis in stroma morphology, microstructure, colony morphology and the content of hypoerellin A by28copies of S. bambusicola colony and11copies of S. bambusicola stroma of different sources, the results from the biological characteristics of S. bambusicola show that there was no significant difference among the different sources of S. bambusicola.In order to understand the genetic differentiation of the medicinal fungus Shiraia Bambusicola, the genetic diversity of28individuals from Zhejiang, Anhui and Guizhou provinces were studied by using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. In this study, the effect of different diluted times of pre-amplification products and different concentrations of dNTPs, Taq DNA polymerase and primer were analyzed and the optimized AFLP-PCR selective amplification reaction system of S. bambusicola was established by the test of the single factoe experiments. Based on the optimized AFLP-PCR reaction system, the genetic diversity and genetic structure of28individuals were submitted to analysis. The results showed that a total of64informative AFLP fragments were generated with5EcoR I-Mse I primer combinations, of which50ones were polymorphic and the polymorphism rate was78.125%. The average number of DNA bands per primer pair was12.8. At a similarity coefficient of0.74,28samples of S. bambusicola were divided into3groups according characteristics with Euclidean distance by UPGMA dendrogram.11samples of S. bambusicola belonged to Group1, and at a similarity coefficient of0.79, the11samples could be divided into two subsets, the7samples belonged to subset1, and4samples belonged to subset2.10samples of S. bambusicola belonged to Group2, and a similarity coefficient of0.76, the10samples could be divided into two subsets, the6samples belonged to subset1, and4samples belonged to subset2,7samples of S. bambusicola belonged to Group3. The clustering analysis results showed that there was further genetic relationship between Guizhou population and other populations. The clustered populations had the nearer geographical distribution. These datas shows that there were relativity between genetic distance and geographical distribution.