Chromosome Doubling Plant Induction And Biology Characteristics Research On Huaiqing Chrysanthemum

The Huaiqing chrysanthemum (Huaibaiju) was used as experimental materials in this study. Thetechnique system about inducing chromosome doubling plants of Huai chrysanthemum was established,and it had been studied the biological characteristics of chromosome doubling plants. The results were asfollowing:1. Established the technique system about inducing chromosome doubling plants of Huai chrysanthemum.Chromosome doubling plants of Huai chrysanthemum were induced through the methods of soaking withcolchicine and medium adding colchicine with bud stem section. The optimal concentration and timecombination of the previous method was confirmed, it was0.05%、9h, the induction rate being25%; andthe latter method was0.05%、7d, the induction rate being20%.2. Identified the Huai chrysanthemum mutants after induction from the level of morphology, anatomy,cytology and molecular, and the chromosome doubling plants were obtained. Compared with the controlplants, morphologically, Huai chrysanthemum chromosome doubling plants grew more slowly, leaf becamelarger and thicker; anatomy, the stomatal density decreased by44.1%, the length and width of guard cellincreased by34.2%and34.2%respectively; cytology, the chromosome number doubled, it was90; and themolecular level, the DNA content in the cells of the chromosome doubling plants increased one time.3. Confirmed the isozyme zymogram characteristics of Huai chrysanthemum chromosome doublingplants. Compared with the control plants, the chromosome doubling plants POD isozyme had two morebands, SOD isozyme had one more band, and the band intensity was significantly lighter.4. Chromosome doubling improved the cold tolerance of Huai chrysanthemum. Under10℃/5℃(day/night) low-temperature stress, compared with the control plants, the relative conductivity and MDAcontent of chromosome doubling plants were less, the proline content, chlorophyll content, soluble proteincontent, POD, SOD and CAT activity were higher.5. Chromosome doubling enhanced the field adaptability of Huai chrysanthemum (1) Agronomic traits. Compared with the control plants, the plant canopy, stem diameter, maximumleaf length and width of chromosome doubling plants were larger, but the plant height, internode length andthe leaf index were less.(2) Physiological characteristics. Compared with the control plants, the contents of chlorophyll,soluble sugar, soluble protein, and the activities of POD, SOD of chromosome doubling plants were higher.(3) Yield and quality. Compared with the control plants, the fresh weight per plant of D1and D2strains of chromosome doubling plants increased by48.0%and50.0%respectively, the content ofchlorogenic acid increased by36.3%and42.8%respectively.