The Investigation Of Grassland Resources And Degradation,Desertification, Salinization In New Barag Left Banner

In this paper with New Barag Left Banner as the study area, In RS (remote sensing). GIS (geographical information system) and GPS (global position system)(hereinafter referred to as "3S" technology) with the support, by means of field survey and satellite image data analysis and combining with the ground investigation to the New Barag Left Banner Hulunbuir grassland resources were analyzed, determine the New Barag Left Banner grassland type area, distribution and grassland productivity and carrying capacity and reveals the New Barag Left Banner grassland degradation, desertification, salinization distribution level, and provide scientific basis of protection and rational utilization for New Barag Left Banner grassland. The main conclusions of this thesis are as following:1According to the classification principles of grassland classification system and standards, on the basis of the ground survey data combining with historical data, determine the grassland type classification system of New Barag Left Banner and the grassland of New Barag Left Banner is divided into5classes,10subgenera and51grassland types.2Through the remote sensing interpretation, obtained the area data of grassland types. The grassland area of New Barag Left Banner is27.6788million mu, accounting for83.87%of the land area. Among them, the temperate meadow steppe is64.69%of the whole Banner’s natural grassland, constitutes the main body of New Barag Left Banner; the lowland meadow steppe is18.20%of the total area of whole Banner’s natural grassland; the temperate typical steppe is16.7%of the total area of whole Banner’s natural grassland; distribution of mountain meadow steppe and swamp area is lesser, it is41700mu and70300mu, respectively0.15%and0.25%of the total area of whole Banner’s natural grassland. The Main types of grassland is S.grandis and L.chinensis, S.krylovii and Cleistogenes squarrosa, Filifolium sibiricum and C.pediformis A.frigida and Cleistogenes squarrosa, the area is4.1673million mu,3.0044million mu.2.5196million mu and2.0901million mu respectively.3According to the ground data and remote sensing vegetation index distribution, calculate the grassland yield and carrying capacity of the Banner. The average per unit area yield is85.29kg of this Banner, the total yield of grass is23.61×108kg. The temperate typical steppe has the highest total yield of grass, it wasl3.82R108kg; the total yield of grass of temperate meadow steppe was5.29×108kg; the least total yield of grass is mountain meadow steppe, just610.24×104kg. The average carrying capacity is a sheep unit17.61mu of New Barag Left Banner. The carrying capacity of grassland types from strong to weak was mountain meadow steppe is10.26mu a sheep unit:swamp is11.55mu a sheep unit:temperate meadow steppe is12.24mu a sheep unit; lowland meadow steppe is17.98mu a sheep unit; temperate typical steppe is19.46mu a sheep unit.4The degradation, desertification, salinization total area is18.2397million mu of New Barag Left Banner grassland,65.90%of the total area of grassland. The degradation, desertification, salinization is given priority to with degradation, was12.5787million mu,45.45%of the total area of grassland. The area of desertification, salinization respectively is10.21%and10.24%of the total area of grassland. The degree of degradation, desertification, salinization is given priority to with light, is56.04%of the total area of degradation, desertification, salinization; severe area at least, is2.3331million mu, accounting for12.79%of the grassland area of degradation, desertification, salinization. The area of degradation, desertification, salinization grassland was7.0652million mu by the1980s to18.2397million mu in2010, in30years the grassland area of degradation, desertification, salinization increase11.1745million mu, proportion of the total grassland area increased from25.44%to65.90%.The grassland of New Barag Left Banner has an important representative in the typical grassland of Inner Mongolia, The degradation, desertification, salinization proved to be more serious, but still hold the original grassland landscape features. This paper get the grassland space distribution and statistical data of New Barag Left Banner and provides basic data to construction of grassland protection and rational utilization, has an important significance in grassland animal husbandry and the sustainable development.