Research On The Impact Of Fertilizer Application Of Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Potassium On Growth And Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics Of Platycodon Grandiflorum

In order to investigate the opimum fertilization ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus andpotassium of the medicinal plants Platycodon grandiflorum(Jacq)A.DC,and provide atheoretical basis for rational fertilization of Platycodon grandiflorum. Orthogonal designwas used in this paper, systematic analysis the effects of fertilization ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on the growth and photosynthetic physiological characteristicsof the potted Platycodon grandiflorum by analysis of variance, poor analysis andcorrelation analysis. The results were as follows:(1)The effect of fertilizer application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ongrowth of Platycodon grandiflorum showed that the primary and secondary order of theeffect of fertilizer application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on height, crown, leafarea is N>P>K, the primary and secondary order of the effect of fertilizer application ofnitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on diameter, biomass, seedling quality is N>K> P,theoptimal combination of height, diameter, biomass, seedling quality is N3P2K4, the optimalcombination of diameter is N3P2K3,the optimal combination of crown is N3P1K3, theoptimal combination of leaf area is N3P3K1, visible the first three levels of nitrogen isbest,that is,when the amount of nitrogen fertilizer was0.3g/plant secondary,is best topromote height, diameter, crown, leaf area, biomass, seedling quality, root length and rootdiameter of Platycodon grandiflorum.(2) The effect of fertilizer application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium onnutrient content of harvested plants Platycodon grandiflorum showed that nutrient contentin plants of each treatment are N highest, followed by K, the lowest is P. The highestnutrient content in plants are N3P1K1treatment combinations, that per plant0.30g pure N+0.20g P2O5+0.10g K2O, is most cost-effective to improve nutrient content of plant. Thecorrelation analysis between recipe fertilizer and nutrient content of Platycodongrandiflorum showed that there was significant positive correlation between nitrogen andnitrogen content in the plants, significantly negatively correlated with the phosphoruscontent, there was a significant positive correlation between potash and potassium.(3) Fertilizer application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium have a significantimpact on the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,CO2concentration and chlorophyll values of photosynthetic parameters of Platycodongrandiflorum. The optimal treatments of date of the indicators mean of photosynthesis andchlorophyll values under the fertilization are N3P1K1, that per plant0.30g pure N+0.20gP2O5+0.10g K2O, most conducive to photosynthesis of Platycodon grandiflorum.(4) Fertilizer application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium have a significantimpact on the initial fluorescence,the maximum photochemical efficiency, the actual photochemical efficiency, photochemical quenching and non-photochemical quenching ofchlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Platycodon grandiflorum. The best treatments ofvarious indicators of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under the fertilization areN3P1K1, that per plant0.30g pure N+0.20g P2O5+0.10g K2O,maximize to improvemaximum photochemical efficiency, the actual photochemical efficiency, photochemicalquenching, lower the non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescenceparameters of Platycodon grandiflorum.(5) The effect of fertilizer application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ontraits, yield and quality of Platycodon grandiflorum showed that the primary andsecondary order of the effect of fertilizer application of nitrogen, phosphorus andpotassium on root length, root coarse,yield and quality are N>P>K, the optimalcombination of root length, root coarse,yield and quality are N3P2K4, because of root length,root coarse,yield and quality under the different levels of phosphorus, potassium was notsignificant, from the balanced fertilization and cost considerations, that per plant0.30gpure N+0.20g P2O5+0.10g K2O, is most cost-effective to improve the growth of rootlength and root coarse, increase production and improve the quality of Platycodongrandiflorum.(6)In this experiment, per plant0.30g pure N+0.20g P2O5+0.10g K2O, was theoptimum amount of fertilization by considering factors, such as the growth factors,nutrient content, photosynthesis factor, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters factors, traits,economic yield and quality of herbs and other factors,and the growth effect was obviousfor Platycodon grandiflorum.