Research Of Mulch Under Deep Plowing In Fallow Period And Nitrogen And Phosphorus

The experiment was carried out in2012-2013wenxi test base dryland wheat Shanxi Agricultural University. A field experiment to study the dryland wheat fallow period covering the application of nitrogen fertilizer with phosphorus on0-300cm soil water storage, plant nitrogen uptake and accumulation, quality and yield formation. Trying to discover the best way to cover and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer for dryland wheat high yield, high efficiency provide a theoretical basis. The main results are as follows:(1) Fallow period covered by deep plowing with Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on soil water storage research shows that the former dryland wheat sowing0-300cm soil water storage was the first decline after rising trend in the160cm soil to a minimum. Fallow period covering less coverage can improve the soil before sowing soil water storage capacity each at40-80cm soil mulching straw mulch and do not cover over the soil before sowing can increase storage capacity, and the results were significant; at20cm,100-300cm soil mulching over the straw mulch and does not cover can significantly increase the storage capacity of the soil before sowing. All growth stages0-300cm soil water storage capacity was gradually decreased, the highest winter, and mature storage capacity of the soil to increase over the flowering period. Covering less coverage to improve winter flowering0-300cm soil water storage period and winter flowering differences and reach a significant level. Mulching fertilizer12kg/acre of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer can be added to improve dryland winter wheat, jointing, booting, flowering and maturity0-300cm soil water storage capacity, the difference was significant, and the amount of phosphorus are10kg/acre maximum,15kg/acre followed,5kg/acre minimum. In short, the nitrogen rate of12kg/acre,10kg/acre when compared with other phosphate levels of nitrogen and phosphorus applied can significantly improve the fertility of dryland wheat each0-300cm soil water storage capacity, the best results. (2) Fallow period covered by deep plowing with Nitrogen fertilizer on soil nutrient research suggests that coverage can significantly improve the fertility of dryland wheat each0-20cm soil organic matter and soil available phosphorus content, and the use of straw mulch mulching representing a significant effect. Soil nitrogen content is realized in all dryland wheat growing period after the first increase and then decrease to reduce the trend, the highest winter, jointing minimum. Fallow period covered by each growth stage can improve dryland wheat0-20cm soil nitrogen content, mulching can improve dryland winter wheat to flowering stage0-20cm soil nitrogen content and the difference was significant. In the nitrogen rate was12kg/acre when each growth stage0-20cm soil organic matter, soil nitrogen and phosphorus content of soil available phosphorus content of10kg are acres of the best when differences with other nitrogen and phosphorus treatment inter reached significant levels.(3) Leisure studies of deep plowing covered with Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on plant height and dry weight showed that plant height and dry weight over growth period showed a trend of gradually increased, reaching a maximum at maturity. Dryland wheat fallow period covered can increase the amount of plant height and dry, and the difference was significant. Mulching effect is significant compared with straw mulch. In short, mulching fertilizer12kg/acre of nitrogen,10kg/acre compared with other nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer treatment can significantly improve the fertility of each plant height and dry weight of dryland wheat.(4) Fallow period covered by deep plowing with Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on nitrogen uptake and accumulation studies suggest that accumulation of nitrogen fertility of dryland wheat goes along with increasing fallow period covered can significantly increase the amount of nitrogen accumulation at different growth stages, emergence-jointing, jointing-flowering of nitrogen uptake and proportion; coverage can increase the amount of nitrogen in each organ accumulation dryland wheat in grain content of most, but also significantly increase the accumulation of nitrogen in leaves and grain, grain percentage differences reached significant levels, and are higher than the straw mulch mulching is not covered above. Mulching fertilizer12kg/acre of nitrogen,10kg/acre compared with other nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer treatment can significantly increase the amount of nitrogen accumulated in various organs dryland wheat nitrogen accumulation at different growth stages, each stage of plant nitrogen accumulation and maturity. (5)Covered with deep plowing fallow period Nitrogen fertilizer on yield and composition studies showed that under the conditions fallow period covered by deep plowing can significantly improve dryland wheat spike, grain number, the theoretical yield, actual yield and water use efficiency; mulching over the straw mulch and does not cover can significantly improve dryland wheat spike, the theoretical yield and the actual yield; dryland wheat mulching Nitrogen is12kg/acre, phosphorus content of10kg/acre compared to nitrogen fertilizer10kg/acre, Shi phosphorus10kg/acre dryland grain can significantly increase the number of theoretical yield and actual yield.(6) Leisure studies of deep plowing covered with Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on grain protein showed maturity, fallow period covered by the content of its components can increase the protein content of grain dryland wheat maturity, maturity5-15d also improve grain protein content; straw mulching significantly higher coverage and is not covered. Cover with nitrogen conditions, mulching and no cover over the straw mulch can significantly increase the protein content of wheat in dryland and its components. Dryland wheat mulching Nitrogen is12kg/acre, phosphorus content of10kg/acre compared to nitrogen fertilizer10kg/acre, the amount of phosphorus10kg/acre can significantly improve dryland wheat albumin, gliadin and glutenin content.In short, by dryland wheat "leisure of deep plowing mulching with nitrogen12kg/acre, fertilizer10kg/acre will help improve the0-300cm soil water storage capacity, increase production and improve quality.