| This thesis, the area of Henan province Zhengzhou air port of sandy soil as theresearch object. Through field experiment and pot experiment to study the effect ofcombination of different gradient levels of biological carbon. Analysis and comparison ofwheat/maize growth period, soil physical and chemical properties, changes of yield andyield components, soil moisture, pH value, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium andorganic matter and other physicochemical indexes. To study the effect of different gradientbiological carbon dosage on sandy soil physical and chemical characteristics of wheat/maizerotation crop yield. To explore the biological carbon dosage appropriate. To provide scientifictheoretical basis for guiding rational use of wheat/corn biological carbon in improving sandysoil quality and productivity. The main results are as follows:1.the application of biochar, corn cropping soil pH treatment significantly increased thanCK, And with the increase of fertilizer increased soil pH.8t hm-2,16t hm-2and32t hm-2threegradient biochar added soil pH value respectively by original7.2increased to7.7,7.8and7.9.In the corn blossom period, all application of biochar soil pH value were significantlydecreased, respectively7.3,7.6and7.7. In wheat season added biochar, the application ofbiomass carbon4t hm-2treatment, wintering period, turning green stage, jointing stage,heading stage and maturity stage of soil pH than CK increased0.09,0.16,0.27,0.27and0.18,the biomass carbon8T hm-2treatment, wintering period, turning green stage, jointing stage,the heading and maturity stage of soil pH than CK increased0.07,0.18,0.18,0.3and0.35.2.Application of biological activated carbon significantly increased soil moisture content.In seedling stage and bell stage, application of biochar greater volume, increase of soil watercontent increasing, the most obvious difference between the small bell stage,3application ofgradient moisture content were6.7%,7.2%and10.8%, while the CK content is4.6%, thehighest amount of32t hm-25.4percentage points higher than the control the water content,more than doubled, to achieve a significant level of different application amount. With theincrease of biological carbon dosage, wintering period of wheat, moisture content at jointingstage and mature stage of soil increased, the difference reached significant level. Theapplication of biological carbon4T hm-2over wintering stage, jointing stage, soil water content in mature stage were higher than that of CK11.2%,29.8%and15.1%; the biologicalcarbon8T hm-2over wintering stage, jointing stage, filling stage and maturity stage than CKincreased60%,36.8%,2.2%and15.9%. The other stages of soil moisture content had nosignificant differences.3.The contents of3corn in the small bell stage and milk stage application of biochar soilnitrate nitrogen was significantly lower than that without application of biological activatedcarbon CK, the two period, CK nitrate nitrogen content were14.5and13.6mg kg-1, while theapplication of biochar soil nitrate content processing is only about1/2. Blossom period, thecontent of soil nitrate nitrogen biological carbon32t hm-26.59mg kg-1significantly less thanCK13.1mg kg-1,8T hm-2and16t hm-2dosage and CK had no significant difference. Thewhole growth period, three biological carbon added treatment of ammonium nitrogen contentare increased compared with the CK, but did not reach significant level.4.Application of biochar, available potassium content in soil of Maize at different growthstages were significantly higher than that of CK. Small bell stage in maize, fertilizer8t hm-2,16t hm-2and32t hm-2compared with CK, potassium content increased4~6times, and thebiological carbon has a large number of potassium has the very big relations; in the cornblossom period, application of biological activated carbon treatment was significantly higherthan that of CK, the maximum amount of application of32t/hm2potassium levelssignificantly higher than the two low biological carbon dosage. In wheat season were appliedinto the biological carbon4T after hm-2, over wintering stage, jointing stage, soil watercontent in mature stage were higher than that of CK11.2%,29.8%and15.1%; the biologicalcarbon8T hm-2over wintering stage, jointing stage, filling stage and maturity stage than CKincreased60%,36.8%,2.2%and15.9%. Maize season after applying biological carbon ofsoil available phosphorus content and compared to CK, far less obvious changes of availablepotassium, but changed little on the whole.5.compared with CK, using8t hm-2maize season biomass carbon soil total bacterialcount decreased, with the increased number of bacteria, slightly in addition32t hm-2increased, but the three biological activated carbon dosage of total soil bacteria had nosignificant difference compared with CK. Application of biological carbon quantity of soilfungi than CK increased to some extent, of which a minimum amount of application of8thm-2and CK than those without significant difference, while the16t hm-2and32t hm-2fertilizer conditions, a significant increase in the number of fungi. 6. Effects of biochar on Maize biomass and yield. Three biochar application gradient,maize season with biochar increased corn stalk diameter, thicker, but between them and CKwere not significant difference compared. Increase of dry matter accumulation of ground withbiochar application rate increased, the difference level reached between the32t hm-2and CKand8T hm-2. Maize yield with biochar application rate increased,16t hm-2significantlydifference compared with32t hm-2and CK. With the increase in wheat season biomasscarbon dosage, production is also increasing, with significant difference (P<0.05),4T hm-2,8T hm-2treatment were higher than no biomass carbon yield increased3.5%～16%.In the application of biological charcoal improved sandy soil quality measures, maizeseason effect of biochar application amount of16t.hm-2on maize yield the most remarkable,the most economical and effective; the most ideal for improved sandy soil in wheat seasoneffect, because biomass carbon dosage is low, the amount of application scope to biomasscarbon8t.hm-2treatment was the best. |
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