Analysis On Heterosis Performance In Different Cross Combinations Of Common Buckwheat

Common buckwheat belongs to the minor corps; it has many kinds of value, such asnutritional, sanitarian, medicinal and so on. Its short growth period, adaptable, tolerance ofdrought and barrenness, efficient use of light, heat and other characteristics of resources,making it a traditional food in arid and semi-arid areas and important economic crop. Butbecause of its typical heterostyly and self-incompatibility, make its yield be low and unstable.In our country, heterosis is applied into many kinds of corps, and improves yields of corpssubstantially. The special floral organ morphology and crossing reproduction characteristicsof common buckwheat, Makes their group heterozygous and the genetic background ismore complex.Therefore,there’re few reports about heterosis applied into commonbuckwheat.And no related research of heterosis for the regular common buckwheat.On theother hand, due to the typical characters of heterostyly and self-incompatibility of commonbuckwheat, provide more advantageous conditions for heterosis performance analysisand heterosis utilization. To sum up, study the heterosis performance of characters and yield,screen strong heterosis combination applied to the common buckwheat is of great significancein the improvement of the yield and properties.This test with3hybrid combinations was conducted in field, By observing andcomparing the reproductive traits of parents with different cross combinations, pure F1, hybridF1, to study their growth and development law; according to the economic characters andyield performances of parents with different cross combinations, pure F1, hybrid F1, to studytheir heterosis over mean of parents, heterobeltiosis, over-standard heterosis; by comparison,to research the heterosis distinctions in different combination, to discuss the performance lawand utilization ways of heterosis of common buckwheat, and to screen the hybridcombinations with strong advantages.The results show that:(1) The birth days of hybrid common buckwheat related to their parents, if parents’ birthdays have a significant difference, the hybrid’s birth days will be inclined to change with thechange of female parent, and this change mainly happened after flowering.(2) According to the economic characters and yield, the heterosis performance isdifferent in the different hybrid combinations, different hybrids, and the hybrids on the different advantage types, the variation trends are complicated.(3) The performance of heterosis over mean of parents, heterobeltiosis and over-standardheterosis of pure F1on the economic character, yield, yield trait, most traits and combinationsare better than the hybrid F1. But the Thousand Kernel Weight and the number of main stemsection affected greatly by their parents and proportion of selfed seed in the mixed hybrids,and tend to appear the opposite results.(4) On the economic characters, yield and yield traits, almost all of the hybridsorthogonal F1is greater than the back-cross F1in the performance of heterosis over mean ofparents, heterobeltiosis and over-standard heterosis. That is, the performance of thecharacteristics of female parent is the important factor influencing the size of hybridadvantage. Collocating and combination should choose the common buckwheat with excellentcharacters and local main cultivar as parents.(5) Based on the yield result of the experiment, the yield of pure F1is greater than theyield of hybrid F1, so the advantages of Hybrid F1compared to the pure F1decreased, butsome hybrids still have the advantages of strong heterosis. Combined actual yield of hybridseeds yield of common buckwheat, the yield application of Strong advantage combination ofmixed hybrids is good way for utilizing heterosis of common buckwheat. In this study, theadvantage of combination of orthogonal pure F1(Z1) and orthogonal hybrid F1(H1) is strongand stable; it is a good combination in utilizing heterosis of common buckwheat. But theorthogonal pure F1seed production is very difficult, so the combination of orthogonal mixedhybrid F1(Xi Nong9976x Bei Zao Sheng) is the strong advantage combination.