The Effects Of Pollination On Fruit Setting Rate And Quality Of ’Red Fuji’ And ’Gala’

‘Red Fuji’ and ‘gala’ are the most important production varieties in ShannxiProvince,China. But in the production practice, the bad pollination fertilization has leaded toa decline in yields as well as the internal and external quality of ‘Red Fuji’ and ‘Gala’.Excellent pollination varieties and effective pollination methods have important significanceto improve the yield and quality. In order to select excellent pollination varieties and effectivepollination methods,this pollen experiment on different pollination varieties and differentpollination methods of ‘Red Fuji’ and ‘Gala’ was been done in Luochuan apple test station,Northwest A＆F University. The main results were as follows:1. In the beginning period of ‘Gala’,‘Qin guan’,‘Nagafu2’,‘Stakrimson’, specialpollinizer,‘Honeycrisp’,‘Modi’,‘Pinova’,‘Xinjiang No.1’,‘Xinjiang No.4’ and ‘FupingChinese catalpa’ are used to pollinate ‘Gala’ in the way of artificial point, Using ‘Gala’natural pollinations control, after surveying fruit setting rate, the result found that fruit settingrate of natural pollination is71.79%,self-pollination is58.33%,the fruit setting rate by using‘Modi’, special pollinizer,‘Xinjiang No.4’ to pollinate ‘Gala’ is more than80%.Except for‘Fuping Chinese catalpa’, the fruit setting rate of other pollination varieties is both higher thannatural pollination.Compared with natural pollination,almost pollination varieties improve thefruit weight and fruit shape index,but don’t impact internal quality such as fruit hardness,soluble solid, titrable acidity.‘Qin guan’,‘Nagafu2’,‘Stakrimson’, special pollinizer,‘Honeycrisp’,‘Modi’,‘Pinova’,‘Xinjiang No.1’,‘Xinjiang No.4’ can be used as polliizer for‘Gala’.‘Gala’ has a certain ability to fruit setting by self-pollination.‘Fuping Chinese catalpa’doesn’t be suitably used for ‘Fuji’ and ‘Gala’2. In the beginning period of ‘Red Fuji’,‘Qin guan’,‘Nagafu2’,‘Stakrimson’, specialpollinizer,‘Honeycrisp’,‘Modi’,‘Pinova’,‘Xinjiang No.1’,‘Xinjiang No.4’ and ‘FupingChinese catalpa’ are used to pollinate ‘Gala’ in the way of artificial point, Using ‘Red Fuji’natural pollinations as control, after surveying fruit setting rate, the result found that fruitsetting rate of natural pollination is17.92%, self-pollination is1.33%. Except for ‘FupingChinese catalpa’, the fruit setting rate of other pollination varieties is both higher than naturalpollination, the fruit setting rate by using ‘Pinova’, special pollinizer,‘Modi’,‘Qin guan’ topollinate ‘Gala’ is more than80%. Except for ‘Fuping Chinese catalpa’, other pollination varieties increase the fruit seed numbers,improce fruit shape index and reduce deflective fruitrate,but don’t impact internal quality.‘Red Fuji’ dosen’t have the ability to fruit setting byself-pollination.‘Fuping Chinese catalpa’ doesn’t be suitably used for ‘Fuji’ and ‘Gala’,butother varieties can and ‘Pinova’, special pollinizer,‘Modi’,‘Qin guan’ are the best varieties.3. By studing effects of artificial point, mechanical powder spraying, mechanicalspraying on fruit setting and fruit quality of ‘Red Fuji’, compared with naturalplloination,three kinds of pollination methods both improve fruit setting rate,yield andquality substantially. Mechanical powder spraying, mechanical spraying are so efficient thatthey can improve fruit setting rate,yield and quality significantly，therefore they are feasibleartificial supplementary pollination in production.4. By surveying the freezing injury in flowering period in Luochuan in2003, the abilityto resist frost injury in flowering period of different varieties have some difference. In theyears of freezing injury, even if pollinizers are planted normally,the yield is stillreduced.Therefore, artificial supplementary pollination is very necessary inthe frequently occurrence areas for freezing injury such as Luochuan.