Effects Of Copper And Zinc On Development Of Several Crops And Ostrinia Furnacalis Guenée

Pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of pig manure and exogenous Cu+Zn on the form distribution of Cu and Zn in soil, bioaccumulation and translocation of Cuand Zn in garlic (Allium sativum), water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica), Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa) and corn (Zea mays). The objective of this study is to assess the effects ofcopper (Cu2+) and zinc(Zn2+) stress on the growth and reproduction of Ostrinia furnacalisGuenée in the parental generation and its filial generationin the laboratory. The results areas follows.(1) Cu, Zn was predominately distributed in organic, residual-bound, and Fe-Mnoxidation-bound fractions before the seeds of crops. Cu was predominately distributed inFe-Mn oxidation-bound, organic and residual-bound fractions after the harvest of crops,while the percentages of exchangeable, carbonate, Fe-Mn oxidation-bound, and organicfractions increased with increasing Cu concentrations in soil, and the increasing rates ofFe-Mn oxidation-bound, and exchangeable Cu were the fastest. Zn was predominatelydistributed in residual-bound, Fe-Mn oxidation-bound, and organic fractions, while thepercentages of exchangeable, carbonate, and Fe-Mn oxidation-bound fractions slightlyincreased with increasing Zn concentrations in soil.(2) The treatments with only added pig manure could significantly increase thebiomass of crops to the CK, while the treatments with added pig manure and highconcentrations of exogenous Cu+Zn could inhibit the growth of crops to the CK. Soiltotal and available Cu and Zn were significantly positive correlated with Cu and Znconcentrations of stems and leaves and roots of garlic, water spinach, Chinese cabbage andcorn(P<0.01). Bioconcentration factors and translocation factors of Zn were greater thanthose of Cu by four kinds of crops for every treatment, which bioconcentration factor of Cuappeared water spinach>garlic>Chinese cabbage>corn, that of Zn appeared Chinesecabbage>water spinach>corn>garlic. The treatments with added pig manure and highconcentrations of exogenous Cu+Zn could inhibit the growth of crops to the CK.(3) The larval survival rate, pupation rate, eclosion rate, larval and pupal body massdecreased with the increasing concentration Cu2＋in the diet compared with non-Cu2＋controls． The duration of larval and pupal stage in the3generation was prolonged underCu2＋stress, while oviposition number per female daily and fecundity of adult female andhatching rate of eggs significantly decreased with the increasing concentration Cu2＋in thediet compared with non-Cu2＋controls, and the average mass per one thousand eggs wasnot significantly different compared with non-Cu2＋controls. All the results suggested thatcontinuous Cu2＋stress had significant inhibition effects on the growth and reproduction of O. furnacalis in the parental generation and its filial generations, and its inhibition effectswere positively correlated with the concentrations of Cu2＋stress.(4) The larval survival rate, pupation rate, eclosion rate, larval and pupal body massdecreased with the increasing concentration Zn2＋in the diet compared with non-Zn2＋controls． The duration of larval and pupal stage in the3generation was prolonged underZn2＋stress, while oviposition number per female daily and fecundity of adult female andhatching rate of eggs and and average mass per one thousand eggs significantly decreasedwith the increasing concentration Zn2＋in the diet compared with non-Zn2＋controls. Allthe results suggested that continuous Zn2＋stress had significant inhibition effects on thegrowth and reproduction of O. furnacalis in the parental generation and its filialgenerations, and its inhibition effects were positively correlated with the concentrations ofZn2＋stress.