Observation Of Meiosis On Pollen Mother Cells In Hybrid Hazelnut And Study On Regulation Of The Number Of Male Inflorescence

Corylus heterophylla Fisch.×Corylus avellana L. is currently the main cultivated variety in China, it is a hybrid which used C. heterophylla Fisch.(originates from China) as female parent, and C. avellana L. as male parent to carry on interspecific hybridization. A hybrid variety Dawei was used as research material, the whole process of the meiosis of its pollen mother cells was observed in this test, and the fertility of hybrid hazelnut was explained from the level of cell genetics, and the relationship between abnormal chromosome behavior and pollen abortion was discussed. The phenophase observation and reproductive organs morphology research had been studied for the parts of Corylus heterophylla Fisch., Corylus avellana L. and hybrid hazelnut. By spraying different exogenous hormones, in order to be clear about the growth regulator influence on the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of hazel tree. The results are as following:[1] The chromosome behavior in meiosis in pollen mother cells of Dawei was basically normal, there were827cells that were observed in this study. In diakinesis stage, eleven bivalents were formed synapsis from twenty-two chromosomes in the39cells which were observed. This indicated that the chromosomes homology of Dawei’s parents was high, chromosomes conjugate completely ensured that gametes of hybrid hazelnut were fertile, laying a solid foundation for the normal development of seeds.[2] The number of male inflorescence in Dawei significantly reduced when receiving the treatment of Put(0.001mol/L), reaching40.06%of the control. While the length, the roughness and the leaf-buds internode length of annual branches were higher than the control. It was supposed that vegetative growth and growth vigor of hazelnut trees could be promoted, the female-male ratio could be increased when exogenous Put was sprayed to Dawei trees.[3] By observing phonological period of hazelnut trees, the flowering period in2014was delayed10days compared with the period in2013, the sequence of blooming remain stable fundamentally in different varieties or lines of hazelnut. In the same condition, pollen vitalities of hybrid85-127was the highest in all varieties,reaching73.11%.