Research On Present Status And Problems Of Pesticide Application Of Main Crops In China

China is a large agricultural country, and a major user and producer of pesticidein the world as well. For a long a time, pesticide has been playing a crucial role in pestcontrol. In recent years, however, the abuse of pesticide has aroused widespreadconcern in the society. At first, the excessive use of pesticide poses a serious threat tothe health of agricultural workers. Moreover, it causes pollution on the biologicalcommunity, soil, water, air and even the global ecosystem. Besides, pesticide residueleads to frequent food safety incidents and also restricts the export of agriculturalproducts at the same time.In China, rice, corn and wheat are three main kinds of food crops. Theirproduction accounts for more than90%of all food crops. This study concentrates onthe pesticide application amount of these three kinds of crops in the past30years. Inorder to explore the optimal amount of pesticide input at the premise of maximummargin, econometric methods are introduced in this paper. To be specific, adamage-control production model is set up and a full information maximumlikelihood (FIML) nonlinear estimating approach is used in the estimation process. Onthis basis, the overused amount of pesticide is derived by comparing the fact with theoptimal amount of pesticide input. In addition, factors that affecting the amountof pesticide application and crops yield are also explored in this study. In the end,some reasonable and practical policies and recommendations are put forwardconcerning pesticide application.Based on the research methods above, conclusions of this paper are as follows:1) Pesticide input can protect the crops from pests invasion effectively.2) Crop price,pesticide price and net income of farmers have significant influence on the amount ofpesticide applied.3) It is ubiquitous that pesticide is overused during the productionof these three crops. On this basis, moderate price increase of pesticide or tax rise inthe circulation process is recommended to suppress the demand on pesticide. At thesame time, spraying technology needs to be improved to reduce pesticide waste andboost pesticide efficiency. Apart from that, pesticide which is low-toxicity buthigh-efficiency, green and environmental-friendly should be introduced and promotedaggressively. And bio-technology can be resorted to in pest control.