The Variance Of OMU Effect On The Consortship Inter OMU In The Sichuan Snub-nosed Monkey(Rhinopithecus Roxellana) And Female Sexual Selection In Qinling Mountain

the social structure of Rhinopithecus roxellana is multilevel society, (one-male unit) OMU is the based unit. There is consortship inter OMU and every OMU play ruler on the consortship. The variance of OMU will effect on the consortship inter OMU. Replacement is also a process of sexual selection. In this study, we research the aggressive-submissive behavior, and the distance between OMU when the monkey do not move. We analysis the consortship by scogrog program and netdraw, and dominance hierarchy and steepness by David’s score. We present data on the fighting of replacement process and the social relationship between male and female in OMU of Rhinopithecus roxellana in Qinling Mountains of China. We record the OMU composition from Match 2008 to October 2014. Our study herd contained OMUs band including 100-160 individuals formed by 9-15 OMUs and AMUs band including 10-30 members. There are 8 times OMU variance from 2013.9 to 2014.1. We compare the consortship in this period with the consortship in 2012.9-2013.1 to study the effects of male or female in OMU on maintain the consortship inter OMU, and analysis the correlations between rank and centrality to study the relationship between rank and consortship. We found the variance of OMU will effect on the centrality. Centrality is uniform distribution in diferrent rank OMU. The harem who rebuilded OMU can not be accepted by the OMU that the replationship is close before replacement. The consortship in OMU that involved in replacement also changed. And OMU always choose OMU whose rank is close. There is linear relationship between rank and tenure. Total 10 replacement events were investigated during this study period appearing 39 harem male in total. We found just 5 replacement fight during the 29 replacement fight, the new harem won, but lose the other 24. Before replacement, the relationship between male and female get donw; While the frequency of allo-grooming and proximity between male and female significantly decrease in the OMU that establishes for less than three, month than the OMU uninvolving in replacement in the recent three month, but the copulation in the OMU is significant increase; The reproduction rate before replacement decrease. The result shown that the male and female have less, effect on maintain the consortship. The OMU band is maintained by the rank of OMU. And the rank effect by tenure, the consortship among OMU may be maintained by familiarity. Besides, when the reproduction rate gets down, female will decrease their social behavior with harem male and far away it before replacement and choose new harem with a high copulation rate, no matter what the result of fighting of replacement is. Female will select the harem male may because they want to keep their fitness. Female choose is the key role on the replacement.