| Rhinopithecus roxelllana is endemic and rare species in our countey is a national protectin of rare and endangered wild animal.They are widely distributed in Chinese province.However,now Rhinopithecus roxelllana mainly distribution in Hubei Province, Shaanxi province and other provinces. This study is based on the field investigation, reserve patrol data and landsat-8remote sensing image,and then used the ArcGis10.0geographical information system software and based on the Maxent ecological niche model,according to the information of Rhinopithecus roxelllana’s distribution trace points in Shennongjia Nature Reserve and18environmental factors that effect Rhinopithecus roxelllana’s habitat distribution for habitat assessment and prediction of Rhinopithecus roxelllana’s habitat distribution in different seasons in Shennongjia Nature Reserve. Confirm the characteristics that effect the Rhinopithecus roxelllana’s habitat distribution in the four seasons.Apply the Maxent Model simulated the Rhinopithecus roxelllana’s habitat distribution in the four seasons in Shennongjia Nature Reserve.Used the ArcGis10.0reclass the result which for suitability level of Rhinopithecus roxelllana’s in Shennongjia Nature Reserve.Through comparing the each environment variable analysis in different seasons,to determine the each environmental various tendency in different seasons.Reaesrch production could provide the management and proteciton measure for the Rhinopithecus roxelllana’s habitat in Shennongjia Narute Reserve,the mainly results as follows:(1) Based on the data where Rhinopithecus roxelllana active and environmental factors in different seasons,apply the Maxent ecological niche model to assess and forecast the Rhinopithecus roxellana habitat in different seasons.The results of Maxent model indicate that the AUC value more than0.9shows that the model prediction results precision heigh and reached excellent level in different season.(2) By the comparison of Jackknife text of the environmental factors for Rhinopithecus roxellana’s habitat distributed show that: slope,canopy density, altitude,distance to road and the other12environmental factors is the main factors influencing the Rhinopithecus roxellana’s habitat distribution in spring;the distance to road,average tree height,hrub cover,altitude and the other7environmental factors is the main factors influencing the Rhinopithecus roxellana’s habitat distribution in summer;shrub cover,canopy density, shrub height,altitude and the other13environmental factors is the main factors influencing the Rhinopithecus roxellana’s habitat distribution in fall; slope, altitude,shrub cover,average tree height,distance to road and the other10environmental factors is the main factors influencing the Rhinopithecus roxellana’s habitat distribution in winter.(3) In spring thr Rhinopithecus roxellana’s suitable habitat distribution is mainly distributed in the far away from the road,near the river and the altitude distribution in1800-2400m,sunny slope is moderate,canopy density between0.85and0.93, they often act in coniferous forest,mixed forest and broad-leaved forest vegetation types,the average tree height mainly choice between10and16m and,average DBH is between10and20cm, shrub height between2.5m and6m,the shurb coverage betweenm0.25and0.45,herb height mainly choice45cm,the coverage between0.2and0.8;in summer their suitable habitat distribution is mainly distributed in the far away from the road,near the river,altitude distribution in2000-2700m and3000m, shady and half shady slope is moderate, canopy density between0.86and0.93, they also act in mixed forest,coniferous forest,broad-leaved forest and Shrubwood vegetation types,the average tree height choice between10and15m and,average DBH is between10and20cm, shrub height choice more than2m,the shurb coverage betweenm0.25and0.46, herb height mainly choice46-53cm,the coverage between0.2-0.35and0.55-0.75; in fall their suitable habitat distribution is mainly distributed in the far away from the road,near the river,altitude distribution in1900-2600m, shady and half shady slope is moderate,canopy density between0.85and0.91, they also act in mixed forest,coniferous forest,broad-leaved forest and shrubwood vegetation types,the average tree height choice between10and25m and,average DBH is between12and30cm, shrub height choice2.5-6m,the shurb coverage betweenm0.25and0.45,herb height mainly choice less than45cm,the coverage less than0.47and choice0.55-0.75; in winter their suitable habitat distribution is mainly distributed in the far away from the road,near the river,altitude distribution in between 2000m and2700m, shady and half shady slope is moderate,canopy density between0.83and1, they also act in mixed forest,shrubwood, coniferous forest and broad-leaved forestand vegetation types,the average tree height choice between8and17m and,average DBH is between10and30cm, shrub height choice between2.3m and6m,the shurb coverage betweenm0.0and0.4, herb height mainly choice more than50cm,the coverage choice0.0-0.3;(4) Rhinopithecus roxellana mainly distributed at the size of Shennongjia,only small local scope of Laojun Mountain region in northwestern and southern regions, which is suitable. habitat of Rhinopithecus roxellana. Shennongjia region for example: in spring,their habitat is mainly distributed in the central,eastern and southeast of reserve;in summer,their habitat widened markedly,they live most of eastern regional reserve, southeast and central regions,especially in Dalongtan,Xiaolongtan, golden monkey ridge and Qianjiaping area,the suitable area obviously enlarged; in fall,Rhinopithecus roxellana’s is mainly distributed in the eastern area of protected areas,however, the suitable habitat range decreased especially in Qianjiaping area, the most suitable habitat range decreases obviously; in winter,the main activities of Rhinopithecus roxellana in the area east of protected areas, the most suitable area to further reduce the Qianjiaping area (5) Comparison the analysis of the same grade suitable in differernt season,the reslut show that: Rhinopithecus roxellana’s habitat area changes with the seasons change.Unsuitable habitat area is the maximum in spring, minimum in summer; Low suitable habitat areas is the maximum in summer, minimum in spring;Medium suitable habitat is the maximum in summer,minimum in spring;High suitable habitat is the maximum in summer,minimum in spring.We also found that:in Shennongjia Nature Reserve,Heigh suitable area for Rhinopithecus roxellana’s habitat account2.13%for the whole area,while the Medium suitable habitat area in5.93%,Low suitable area is9.81%,unsuitable area is82.13%in spring;Heigh suitable area of Rhinopithecus roxellana’s habitat account4.20%for the whole area,while the Medium suitable habitat area is12.88%,Low suitable area is18.95%,unsuitable area is63.97%in summer;Heigh suitable area for Rhinopithecus roxellana’s habitat account3.42%for the whole area,while the Medium suitable habitat area is8.96%,Low suitable area is17.15%,unsuitable area is70.47%in fall;Heigh suitable area for Rhinopithecus roxellana’s habitat account3.05%for the whole area,while the Medium suitable habitat area is7.71%,Low suitable area is14.41%,unsuitable area is74.83%in winter. |
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