Study On The Effects Of Climate Change And Adaptation Measures Of Herdsmen To The Climate Change In Inner Mongolia

Currently, climate change has took many shocks to the whole world include the natural, social and economic system and attract more and more attention. We investigated 162 nomadic family which reside in meadow steppe, typical steppe and desert grassland in pastoral area of Inner Mongolia two times. Study on the perception and solutions of herdsmen to climate change, who reside in different type of grassland by questionnaire combined with conventional meteorological observation data. The results showed that:1. Herdsmen thought that grassland degradation was caused by climate change rather than overgrazing. Multiple logistic analysis shows that it relate to the herdsman’s benefits itself. The herdsmen who lived on desert steppe is related to age, family background, nationality, grassland area, the cost of employees. And the herdsmen who lived on typical steppe associated with education background, pasture area. The herdsmen who lived on meadow steppe are only related to household income.2. The annual average temperature of three types of grassland is rising year by year,when the precipitation change is not obvious.1980-2014, the temperature change tendency rate in desert steppe is 0.46℃/10 a (P< 0.01), the precipitation change is not obvious (2.24 mm/10 a, P> 0.05); In typical steppe,the temperature change tendency rate is (0.30℃/10 a,P< 0.05), the precipitation change is not obvious (-11.59 mm/10 a, P> 0.05);In Meadow, the temperature change tendency rate is (0.34℃/10 a,P< 0.05), the precipitation change is not obvious (-3.22 mm/ 10 a,P> 0.05). From 1980 to 2014, the temperature change tendency rate in desert steppe, typical steppe and Meadow respectively are 0.46℃/10 a (P< 0.01), 0.30℃/10a(P<0.05),0.34℃/10a(P<0.05),the precipitation change is not obvious, are (2.24mm/10a,P>0.05),-11.59mm/10a(P>0.05),-3.22mm/10a(P>0.05),respectively.3. The perception of nomads to climate change to the three kinds of steppe is different, they generally believed that the temperature wasn’t change, which does not fit with the actual.The nomads of the desert steppe also have opposite perception to precipitation, think precipitation is a downward trend in recent years.Investigate its reason, herders tend to believe climate factors by environment variable, including plant height, coverage, and the size of the individual variables.4. The mainly measures of nomads adaptation to the effects of climate change include change of livestock species and quantity improvement, sell livestock, migrant workers, the transformation of the mode of life, and so on.At the same time, a new adaptive measures also appears in the herdsman’s life:The herdsmen lives on desert steppe would used the form of partnerships grazing; The herdsmen lives on meadow steppe intensive raise for labor-saving; The herdsmen lives on typical steppe, they change pastures between their own and public pastures to solve the problem of grassland area is small. Although the form is different, these three methods are effective to resolve the adverse effects of climate change brings to the pasture.5. Pasture area directly affects the herdsman’s attitude to the policy. The nomads whose pasture area is large, more willing to accept policies such as the grazing prohibition and DSCC theory.