Study On The Growth Correlation Between The Hybrid Progenies And Hybrid Parents Of Camellia Oleifera

In this paper, we analysis the combining ability and predict heterosis through the study of the growth, economic characters of fruit and photosynthesis of the 19 crosses and its 5 parents. These crosses are obtained from the 5x5 diallel of the 5 excellent strains, which is filtered from the F1 hybrid experimental forest in Tongkou mouth, Minhou, Fujian. We forecast fruit production index with heterosis and analysis the combining ability of economic traits of fruit, which help us obtain hybrids with obvious heterosis. We select excellent offspring, which are composite score top five, throuth principal component analysis, to analysis the physiological indicates, economic indicators and unsaturated fatty acids traits from the 19 hybrid combinations. What we do all above is to provide ideas for camellia breeding. The main findings are as follows:(1) The results of the growth of camellia hybrid vigor prediction show that:the top five order of the 19 crosses merits’ number are:17>16>8>14>3.17th wins the biggest superiority in mid-parent heterosis, which is 5%. Follow by 8th,3%.17th also have strong performance, with a 4% ranking first in high-parent heterosis, which performs forward in high-parent heterosis. Follow by 14th, 2.4286%. In low-parent heterosis,17th is still the highest with 6.5%. Follow by 16th,5.25%.(2) Through the analysis of combining ability of the camellia fruit economic indicators, we could conclude that:27-5 gets the best GCA value, whether as a male or female. So 27-5 is an ideal parent for hybridization to improve the quality of fruit. Through the comprehensive analysis of SCA of camellia fruit’s economic indicators, it shows that:the best combination of 41-4×56-2, followed by 27-5×46-2,51-6×27-5,46-2×27-5.(3) We also can obtain the result through the measurement of camellia’s physiological indicators is that:the soluble protein content of five excellent camellia is between 13.06-17.04 mg ·g-1. In the descending order:Tree 3> Tree 1> Tree 2> Tree 4> Tree 5. Overall, the soluble protein content of five excellent camellia is relatively high. The soluble sugar content of five excellent camellia is between 0.22-0.3 ug·g-1. In the descending order:Tree 5> Tree 3> Tree 4> Tree 1> Tree 2. Overall, the soluble sugar content of five excellent camellia is relatively high. The Chlorophyll content of five excellent camellia is between 63.18-66.88 mg·g-1. In the descending order:Tree 3> Tree 2> Tree 4> Tree 1> Tree 5. Overall, the soluble protein content of five trees is relatively high.(4) The results of the analysis of economic indicators and unsaturated fatty acids trait of the five excellent camellia show that:The five hybrid offspring have high total content of unsaturated fatty acids and good quality. The oil content of the 5 superior strains’seed kernel is between 38.15%-50.84%, and the total content of unsaturated fatty acids is between 88.7%-90.3%, which (5) reach 89.26% on average.