Effect Of Microbial Fertilizers On Nutrient Availability In Soil, Nutrient Uptake And Yield Of Rice

The fertilizer use efficiency is low generally, and the agricultural lands are suffering some heavy nutrient losses, which brought the fertilizer over use and soil deterioration and affected food security seriously in our country. In order to protect the soil and improve the yield and quality of rice, the microbial fertilizer and chemical fertilizer were combined in auspicious farming in Harbin city by field experiments. We set up different microbial fertilizers to chemical fertilizer ratios in the experiment(1: A0B0; 2: A0B1; 3: A0B2;4: A1B0; 5: A1B1;6: A1B2; 7: A2B0; 8: A2B1; 9:A2B2; 10: A3B0; 11: A3B1; 12: A3B2, in which A represents microbial fertilizer A(Double Microbial Fertilizer) and B represents microbial fertilizer B(Soil Phosphorus Activator). The available nutrients in soil and nutrients in rice was tested at tillering stage, heading stage, milk ripening stage and maturity stage. We studied the optimal proportion of microbial fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer by theoretical analysis of yield. The results showed as follows:(1)Both microbial fertilizers used in the experiment increasd the nutrient availability in soil significantly. The influence of the treatment A2B0 on the soil available nitrogen was the most obviously and the soil phosphorus activator did not significantly affect the soil available nitroegen,but both of them were higher compared to the control. The treatment of A3B2 with two kinds of microbial fertilizers conbined increased the nitrogen content by 69.28%. And the treatment of A2B0 kept supplying highest available phosphorus among the treatments with two kinds of microbial fertilizers conbined. The soil phosphorus activator can significantly increase the content of soil available phosphorus about twice of the control. The A3B2 treatment have the best effect. The content of soil available K increased with increasing fertilizer application. Soil phosphorus activator did not increase the content of soil available K. The A3B2 treatment have the best effect on soil available K among the treatments of two kinds of microbial fertilizer conbinations.(2)Microbial fertilizer increased the content of N, P and K in rice tissue. The nitrogen content was the highest under A2B0 in stem, leaf and panicle at mature stage. The content of phosphorus and potassium under treatment A3B0 was the highes. The highest content of available N, P and K in soil was under the treatment of A0B2 with the application of the soil phosphorus activator. The combination of two kinds of microbial fertilizers A1B2 had the highestcontent of N, P and K in rice tissue.(3)The proportion of panicle dry weight over the total plant weight increased with the application of microbial fertilizers, indicating the application of microbial fertilizer promoted the transfer of nutrients to the ear and increased yield of rice.(4)Application of microbial fertilizers promoted the uptake and accumulation of N,P and K in rice and enhanced the nutrient elements distribution in leaves, stems and panicle of rice. It helped to increase the yield of rice.(5)Application of microbial fertilizer increased yield of rice. The microbial fertilizer A(treatment A3B0) had the highest yield by 13.15% higher than the control,and treatment A2B0 had the higher 12.21% than the control. 5.05% higher than the yield by microbial fertilizer B(Soil Phosphorus Activator, A0B2 treatment). The combination of two kinds of microbial fertilizer treatments(A3B2)had the highest 18.80% higher than the control,and treatment A1B2 had 16.04%higher than the control.In summary, the application of microbial fertilizers could increase nutrient availability in soil,enlarge the nutrient uptake by plant and increase yield of rice. The results we got from our study could provide a strong theoretical basis and technical support on the sustainable development of agricultural production in this northeast region of China.