| The summer maize field furrow stereo planting population regulation research for rational use of resources in the light,to improve the light energy utilization efficiency,Improvement of crop population structure is not reasonable,Intra populations competition leads to insufficient light phenomenon,This experiment in 2 different planting density set different furrow planting pattern,Study on the effect of furrow planting for growth index, leaf area, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, dry matter accumulation and yield of Summer Maize.The main results are as follows:1. Furrow planting pattern of furrow planting increased maize plant height, stem diameter and ear height, the ridge plant decreased height, stem diameter and ear height. At the same time because of ridge increased ridge planter height, so it increased group plant height, build the "wave type" group structure in the furrow system, change of population site conditions, cause the difference of vertical height of individual space,increase the control effect of individual to the group,lead to different parts of blade dislocation distribution, improve the population light conditions,the lower leaf photosynthetic active radiation increased.2. Furrow planting pattern increase the key growth light period rate, Especially for the influence of the lower light transmittance, The bottom of the light transmittance in the silking stage higher than traditional flat 10.2% ~ 35.7% of 50 cm row spacing cultivation,the treatment of Ridge plant one line, furrow plantf two lines light transmittance significantly higher than that of traditional culture. The bottom of the light transmittance in the silking stage higher than traditional flat 11.9%~33.1% of 60 cm row spacing cultivation. the treatment of Ridge plant one line, furrow plant of two lines improved the bottom layer and ear light transmittance, Especially for the underlying of the effects of light transmittance is higher.3. It is great influence corn leaf area per plant with high density in different rainfall years.Furrow planting improve the Leaf area per plant in 2013 with 50 cm linewidth.Furrow of the planter leaf area per plant was significantly higher than that of traditional culture in key growth; 2014 furrow of plant leaf area is still greater than the culture of the plant, ridge leaf area per plant is lower than the culture. Furrow planting of 60 cm linewidth main affect leaf area at grouting in the late and mature stage,it is delayed the senescence of leaves in the late maize growth, maintain the higher of the leaf area.4. Furrow planting increased SPAD value after booting stage, delayed the senescence of leaves in the late maize growth of furrow planter in high density, prolong the time of crop photosynthesis.In booting stage and Filling stage, furrow planting significantly improved the SPAD value in 2013 with 50 cm linewidth;2014 ridge of T2 and T3 significantly improved the SPAD value that in trench planter at mature stage in upper and booting stage to mature stage in lower. With 60 cm linewidth planting, the SPAD significantly higher than control of T5 and T6 furrow planter in 2013. In 2014 the upper-middle-class SPAD values were higher than the traditional culture with trench planting, silking stage and mature stage performance significantly; the lower SPAD of trench planter were higher than traditional culture, the T5 treatment increased by 6.0% and 6.0% respectively in booting stage and mature stage.5. Furrow planting improves the photosynthetic rate after jointing stage. When 50 cm linewidth plant, furrow planting function leaf net photosynthesis rate were higher than the culture in 2013. In silking stage the differences between maximum, the trench and ridge on the Pn of plant were significantly higher than control. T2 and T3 treatment significantly improved in the filling stage main plant Pn on the ridge, in the mature period main significantly improved trench plant Pn. Average in 2014 upper-middle-class Pn in different periods of time higher than control 3.2%~58.1%,the highest is in spinning stage of T3 treatment trench planter. Lower stage in jointing, booting and spinning stage net photosynthetic rate were higher than control, average higher than control 2.1%~92.3%, the highest is in booting stage, T3 ridge and trench were significantly higher than the control. When 60 cm linewidth ridge planter Pn compared with no significant difference with control In silking stage to maturity in 2013, trench planter Pn were significantly higher than control. In 2014 Upper-middle-class Pn in jointing stage and mature period is higher than the traditional culture, booting stage and silking stage trench planter higher than control, ridge planter lower; Lower of leaf net photosynthesis rate in jointing stage, booting period and mature period is higher than the traditional culture.6. Furrow planting patterns improves the trench planter dry matter accumulation. Two year test area at different rainfall, 50 cm row spacing planting trench plant dry matter accumulation in increasing trend compared with conventional flat canopy.Ridge line, ditch two rows processing, dry matter accumulation obviously higher than that of the culture, in the two years under different rainfall year type, T3 corrugation structure performance was stable, higher than that of the traditional culture and other groups of dry matter accumulation, promoted the accumulation of dry matter. When planting spacing 60 cm, corrugation structure 0.2% ~ 33.5% higher than traditional culture in the big bell, silking stage and filling stage and ripe stage in 2013.In jointing stage and huge bellbottom period in 2014,dry matter accumulation of corrugation structure were higher than that of the traditional flat ridge structure, the late furrow was higher than the control,the ridge was lower than the control.2013 T6 furrow planting patterns performed better, the dry matter accumulation was higher than the level for other furrow mode, 2014 T5 was the best,which may be caused due to different rainfall years.7. Furrow planting improved the mid and late summer corn LAI. In the two years experiment, when 50 cm linewidth planting, furrow planting improved group LAI, Especially T2 and T3 Increase larger, significantly increased 17.8%~28.8% than culture. When 60 cm planting T5, T6 treatment all increased population LAI than traditional culture in different periods, average increase 1.2%~31.3%.8. When 50 cm linewidth plant, furrow planting Reduce the empty rate of rod,in 2013. T1 and T3 treatment significantly reduced the Ear rows than control, no significant differences between lines of grain number, T1 ridge and T3 trench inside plant hundred grain weight significantly increased than control, the grain yield and grain yield of the group with no significant difference than control. T3 treatment performed best, trench planter grain yield and group yield were higher than control. In 2014, ridge planter of ear rows, line grain number and hundred grain weight both lower than control, trench all higher than control, the differences were not significant. Ridge of empty lever rate is higher, trench empty lever rate decreased, T2, T3 trench planter biological yield and grain yield were significantly higher than controls 8.9% ~ 15.0%, Grain yield the highest T3 group, 5.8% higher than control.9. Two years test, the grain yield and group grain yield were no significant difference with 50 cm linewidth. when 60 cm linewidth planting group biological yield, grain yield and group grain yield all significantly higher than control in 2013, in 2014 the biological yield and grain yield of trench planter higher than control, ridge planter lower than control, Two years, on average group biological yield increase than control 0.6%~15.2%, grain yield increase 2.9%~17.9%, the biological yield and grain yield of T5 trench planter higher than control and another treatment; When 60 cm linewidth planting group grain yield higher than control 9.9%~13.6%, T6 treatment was higher than control and other processing, increase significantly. |
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