| In order to compare the agronomic and economic characters of the four edible sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids and to analysis the composition and content of the cuticular waxes of their leaf.The agronomic and economic characters of the four edible sunflower hybrids were compared and the cuticular waxes was analyzed in the test.The main results are as follows:1.1 The yield of the JK103 is the highest in the four crossbreeds and the equivalent yield is 217.44kg/666.7m2.The yield of the Liaokeza 2 is the second and the equivalent yield is 316.97kg/666.7m2.Their growth potential all shows middle or strong and the plants grow orderly,so their comprehensive characters show very well and they can be planted in large areas.The comprehensive characters of JK103 are outstanding.1.2 The composition, content and ultrastructue of cuticular waxes of the sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.) leafs were analyzed.The result showed that the composition of the four varieties were same except that the triterpenes were not tested in the T33.The total wax content of Liaokeza 2 was remarkably higher than (P<0.05) other varieties.T33 and HK306 were remarkably higher (P<0.05) than JK103.The wax content of JK103 was the least.The result of the composition analysis was introduced by citing HK306 as an example.It showed that twenty-one different chemical compounds were identified.The main components of cuticular waxes were n-alkanes and primary alcohols,with small amount of esters and triterpenoids.The total content of cuticular waxes was[(0.585±0.010) ug.cm-2].The content of n-alkanes [(0.293±0.016)ug.cm-2] and primary alcohols [(0.182±0.021)ug.cm-2] accounted for 50.1% and 31.1% of the total cuticular waxes.In n-alkanes, the content of C27 and C29 were higher than other n-alkanes.In primary alcohols,the content of C26 and C28 were the dominant compositions.Cuticular wax layer of the upper and lower surface of sunflower leaf were both smooth,without visible wax crystals covering on them.In order to define the genetic effect of the flag leaf color and to make sure the genetic mechanism of this agronomic traits,such as QTL number of the flag leaf color, chromosome location,the additive effect of the QTL loci and so on. Our study firstly used the F2 population of Mingyou633 and A14 as the mapping population and the SSR molecular markers to construct the genetic map.Characters quantitative trait loci (QTL) of the flag leaf color was analyzed using the QTL IciMapping4.0 software which was based on the mixed linear models and the ICIM mapping method.The main results are as follows:2.1 The F2 population of Mingyou633 and A14 were used as the mapping population.Choosing 866 pairs of different sources primers to amplify and screen in the two parents and to make sure their parental polymorphism.147 pairs of primers were amplified the clear and polymorphic markers sites.2.2 Using the QTL IciMapping4.0 software,121 marker loci were located on the twenty-one chromosomes of the wheat and the full length of atlas is 1927.06cM.The average genetic distance between the two adjacent markers was 15.45cM.It formed twenty-three linkage groups.Each linkage group include 2 to 15 loci,the average sites for the linkage groups was 5.26.2.3 Characters quantitative trait loci (QTL) of the flag leaf color was analyzed by the ICIM-ADD of QTL IciMapping4.0 software,LOD>2.5,Three additive QTL were detected and located in the 3B,4A,5D wheat chromosomes.They were Qlc-3B,Qlc-4A and Qlc-5D.The contribution rates were between 10.3819% and 34.9428%.They were over 10%,so they were the main effect QTL.The additive effect were-0.2937.0.019,0.221 and the epistatic effect were-0.1225.-0.4293.-0.7261. |
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