Dwarfing Rootstocks Use On Growth And Development Of Young Apple Trees

Using dwarfing rootstock has important influence for apple saplings growth and flowering results. The option of using the right combination of rootstock and scion has a very important significance on development of apple production. This trial in Qianyang dwarf apple rootstock selects 3-year-old Fuji / M9(from root anvil), Fuji / M9(intermediate anvil) / Malus, Fuji/ M26(from the root anvil), Fuji / M26( Interstock) / Malus apple saplings,in this study the growing season tree roots, stems, leaves, buds endogenous hormone content, leaf photosynthetic characteristics of the tree, the yield and quality of fruit and trees growing number of indicators were measured for better use of rootstock selection.The main conclusions are as follows:1. Endogenous Hormones content in different types of apple saplings RootstockDifferent apple saplings have different Content of Endogenous Hormones in the same Growth area. The content of Endogenous Hormones changes during the tree growing.With spring shoots from vigorous growth to stop growing, root anvil in the endogenous hormone content were higher than Interstock in different periods,(IAA + GA + ZR) / ABA ratio is greater than Interstock. With spring shoots stopped growing, growth promoting hormone IAA,ZR, GA content increased in underground root system, growth inhibiting hormone ABA decreased,(IAA + GA +ZR) / ABA ratio becomes larger, and the ground stems, buds, leaves within Growth-inhibiting hormone ABA content increased, growth promoting hormones IAA, ZR, GA content decreased,(IAA + GA + ZR) / ABA ratio becomes smaller..2. Different types of photosynthetic characteristics influencing apple rootstocks SeedlingM9 root anvil blade root net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate significantly higher than the M9 Interstocks, water use efficiency was significantly higher than the other three kinds of rootstock use types, M9 intermediate anvil leaf photosynthesis are worst performing index in four kinds of rootstocks use types. M26 from photosynthetic indexes higher value of each root anvil blade M26 Interstocks but the difference was not significant. So root anvil than Interstocks photosynthetic capacity of young apple tree leaves stronger.3. Different types of rootstock influencing fruit quality apple saplingsCompared with M26 dwarfing anvil, fruit of M9 dwarfing anvil is bigger, redder, higher soluble solids content, and more sugar acid ratio, but M9 Interstock strains produced significantly lower than other types of rootstocks using in Young apple tree. The fruit from M9 and M26 is bigger than Interstocks fruit, the fruit shape also more closed to high column, brightness bigger, more red color, taste better and higher yield.4. The sapling growth of different types of rootstocks apple M9, M26 rootstock and intermediate anvil from root tree height, trunk height, trunk diameter, crown diameter, shoot growth is consistent. Number of backbone branches M9, M26 rootstock and intermediate anvil have no significant difference, M9 rootstock was significantly higher than Interstock M26. the number of mid withe,M26 intermediate anvil Significantly higher than rootstock. M9 rootstock have Significantly higher Short branches than M26 intermediate。 M9 rootstock proportion is significantly higher than Interstock. The number and proportion of long branches Interstock M9 rootstock was significantly higher than other types. more proportion of photosynthetic products in rootstock is used to reproductive growth,big tree to spend more and excellent yield.