| The apple cultivation mode is mainly dwarfing and arborization.The dwarfing dense planting cultivation mode is an inevitable trend of apple development in China,and the selection of dwarfing rootstock is the key to apple dwarfing cultivation.The apple production area on the Loess Plateau is the dominant apple production area in China,and it is still dominated by arborization.In order to screen out the excellent dwarf interstocks suitable for the growth of 'Changfu 2' apple tree in Longdong area of Gansu,this study used The methods of field investigation and determination of physiological and ecological indicators were comprehensively analyzed and compared in three aspects: Cold resistance,growth habit,fruit quality of 9 different dwarfing stocks.The results show:1.During the cold resistance identification process of Fuji branches with different interstocks,as the treatment temperature decreased,the REC,soluble sugar and MDA of all samples showed an upward trend,and the content of soluble protein and anthocyanin And the activities of SOD,POD and CAT of all asamples showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing;the conductivity combined with the Logistic equation calculated the semi-lethal temperature(LT50)of all samples,LT50 of the SH6 interstocks Fuji had the lowest value of-35.293?,JM7 is the highest at-23.759 ?.Principal component analysis,membership function analysis,cluster analysis and other multi-method comprehensive analysis results show that: the cold resistance of Fuji of different draft interstocks can be divided into three categories: the first category is SH6,SH1,SH38,SC1,the strongest cold resistance;The second category is M7,M26,M9,which has strong cold resistance;the fourth category is JM7,T337,which has weak cold resistance2.Analysis of fruit quality and characteristics showed that the fruit of SC1 and SH1 has the moderate furit size,high coloring index,good fruit surface finish,high content of soluble solids and high solid acid ratio.the performance of SH1 and SC1 is the best,because of The good appearance quality,good internal flavor and stable yield,but the SH6 output is extremely low;the fruit of the M series and JM7 rootstocks are relatively large,the coloring degree is general,the content of soluble solids and solid acid ratio is lower than that of the SH series interstocks,and the fruit flavor is slightly poor,but high yield.3.Comprehensive comparison of 4a-6a tree growth results habits,the dwarfing degree of the SH interstock is greater than that of the M series and JM7 interstock.Fuji of JM7 and T337 interstocks have tall trees,large growth in autumn,high rate of long branches and strong tree vigor;SH6 and SH38 interstocks have the strongest dwarfing effect on Fuji trees,and the tree height is always below 300 cm.The tree is short,with a small amount of growth in spring and autumn,a high rate of short branches,and a weak tree vigor;M7,M9,M26,SC1,and SH1 interstocks have a good dwarfing effect on Fuji trees.The proportion is moderate among branches of different lengths,and the tree structure is more reasonable.In summary,by comprehensively comparing the differences in cold resistance,fruit quality and fruiting characteristics,and tree growth characteristics of nine types of Fuji with deffrent interstocks,Fuji with SH1 and SC1 interstocks perform best,which can provide a reference for the selection of suitable interstocks of Fuji in Longdong area of Gansu Province.M26,M9,M7,and SH38 have average flavor,followed by performance,and can be considered in areas with good site conditions and good soil performance;SH6 has poor yield,T337 and JM7 have poor cold resistance,the three have poor adaptability in Longdong area. |
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