| Cunninghamia konishii is a unique species of Taiwan, and the first order wood of Taiwan nature coniferous forest. Its genetic relationship is closed to Chinese fir. But there is not cementifying sharp needles on the tip of the blade, leaves are irregularity and not arranged in two columns, leaves soft and less stab hands. The wood property of Cunninghamia konishii were slightly better than Chinese fir, it can be applied to buildings, transportation and specific processes, so it is of high economic value. Cunninghamia konishii grows at an altitude of 1000 m above the mountain forest. Through a series of artificial afforestation experiment in recent years, proved that the Cunninghamia konishii in Fujian province has good properties such as fast-growing and high-yield. So, selecting the Cunninghamia konishii family with advantageous traits, not only can speed up the mountain Cunninghamia konishii breeding process, to diversify fir cultivars, expand the fir gene and improve the system of forestry in fujian province, but also can make up for tree species selection problem of high altitude planting area, to promote the sustainable development of forestry in Fujian province.This test introduced 22 Cunninghamia konishii families from Taiwan and Fujian three generations of Chinese fir seedlings as a control. Using randomized block design and setting up test forest in Baisha forest farm and Xiqin forest farm, to carry out early evaluation and selection of Cunninghamia konishii superior families. The main research results are as follows:1. Afforestation after half a year, the Cunninghamia konishii families grow slowly, all of the Cunninghamia konishii families tree height and ground diameter are less than the control group local Chinese fir. Afforestation after a year, only No.3 family tree height and ground diameter greater than control group local Chinese fir.2. Afforestation after a year and a half, the tree height greater than local family in No.1,2A,2B,3,6,17,18 and 19A, only No.l family ground diameter greater than control group local Chinese fir. Afforestation after two years, except the No.4,5,6,8, 9,11,14,16 tree height are less than the control group, the rest of Cunninghamia konishii families tree height are more than control group, all Cunninghamia konishii families average tree height are more than 3.67 cm of the control group local Chinese fir, but each family ground diameter is less than the control group, No.7 tree height and ground diameter is best, the tree height is 182.04 cm, ground diameter is 4.03 cm. There is an extremely significant difference among the families in tree height, ground diameter and height-diameter ratio, sig value of 0.001. The tree height and ground diameter in no significant difference between the two plots, sig value of 0.240 and 0.782 respectively. For tree height and ground diameter, there is an extremely significant difference with the interaction of the families and plots, sig value of 0.001.3. Afforestation after two years, for Cunninghamia konishii tree height, the family heritability and individual heritability of 0.70 and 0.54 respectively. For Cunninghamia konishii ground diameter, the family heritability and individual heritability of 0.42 and 0.31 respectively.4. There is an extremely significant difference among the families of Cunninghamia konishii in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll, sig value of 0.001. Among the families, the total chlorophyll content is higher in No.7,4,9,13, 6 and 18, all more than 0.71 mg/g, that can well transfer and absorption of light energy. There is an extremely significant difference among the families of Cunninghamia konishii in Fo, Fm, Fv and Fv/Fo, each family of Fv/Fm values are distributed in the reasonable range of 0.75～0.85, that 22 families light energy conversion efficiency of PS Ⅱ system is normal. Among the families, No.19C,7,18 and 2B have the high light energy conversion and the light can be well usedefficiency. Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo values are smaller in No.13, it is a certain degree of light inhibition. Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo value differences of No.8 and No.13 in two plots, so they are greatly influenced by the environment.5. There is an extremely significant difference among the families in nutrient elements N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Al, sig value of 0.001. The highest content of N and K in each family is No.1, the content is 10.89 g/kg and 46.58 g/kg respectively. The highest content of P is No.9, value of 0.72g/kg. The highest content of Mg is No.4, value of 5.02g/kg. The highest content of Ca, Fe and A1 is No.19C, the content is 8.35g/kg,6.12g/kg and 7.54g/kg respectively. All the content of nutrient elements and growth traits show weaker correlation.6. There is an extremely significant difference among the families in CAT, SOD, POD and MDA, sig value of 0.001. Among the families, the highest POD was No.15, value of 1021.25μg-1·min-1. The highest CAT was No.4, value of The highest SOD was No.19B, value of 502.95μmol/g. The lowest MDA was No.19A, only value of 8.9μmol/g. POD show moderate negative correlation relationship with tree height and ground diameter. The growth traits show weaker correlation with CAT, SOD and MDA.7. There is an extremely significant difference among the families in leaf relative electrical conductivity, sig value of 0.001. The leaf relative electrical conductivity luffing larger among the families, range between 0.16～0.44. The electrical conductivity is lower in No.13,10 and 16, value of 0.16,0.19,0.19 respectively. The highest relative electric conductivity is No.19B, value of 0.44. The leaf relative electrical conductivity show weaker positive correlation with tree height and ground diameter, and show weaker negative correlation with height-diameter ratio.8. With clustering analyses,22 Cunninghamia konishii families are classified into four groups:Fast-growing family, subprime fast-growing family, general family and poor family. The first kind of fast-growing family including No.7,12 and 19A, average tree height of 178.45 cm, and the average diameter of 3.89 cm, the average tree height is better than that of control group. The second kind of subprime fast-growing family including No.2A,2B,3,10,15,17,18 and 19C. The third kind of family is general, including No.1,4,6,9,13,14,16 and 19B. The fourth kind of family is poor, including No.5,8 and 11.9. Combining fast-growing and photosynthetic capacity of Cunninghamia konishii to selection. The first principal component equation is Y1=0.538X1+0.520X2+ 0.144X3-0.029X4, the second principal component equation is Y2=-0.104X1-0.045X2-0.683X3+0.585X4. To further comprehensive evaluation with the principal component values,22 Cunninghamia konishii families are classified into four groups. The first kind of family is fast-growing and the photosynthetic ability is strong, including No.2A,2B,3,7,12,15,17,18,19A and 19B, the average tree height of 171.95cm, the average diameter of 3.81cm, the average content of total chlorophyll of 0.65mg/g and the average Fv/Fo value of 4.85, these families has good breeding value. The second kind of family is fast-growing but the photosynthetic ability of the general. The third kind of family is poor growth but the photosynthetic ability is stronger, including No.1,5,8,11,14 and 16. The fourth kind of family is poor growth and the photosynthetic capacity is weak, including No.4,6,9; 10 and 13. |
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