| Paper on the measurement and observation of soil containing water rate and bamboo leaf morphology on 5 species coastal protective bamboo real-time track, in order to get the changing soil containing water rate because of the natural high temperature in summer, at the same time,divided grade on bamboo leaf morphology, then set soil water content interval under drought stress degree according to soil containing water rate and bamboo leaf morphology grade, which respectively corresponds to for light stress (LS), and in the degrees stress (MS), and heavy degrees stress (HS).Paper studied that related physiological and bio-chemical responses of bamboo species, under different drought stress and different SAP manage SAP and nitrogen fertilizer application, Using factor analysis, method of membership function analysis on physio-logical and biochemical responses of a comprehensive evaluation on 5 bamboo species in different treat-ments under drought stress and pick out the best ratio of SAP. Through the analysis of the aspects men-tioned above, with the following outcomes:(1) Under drought stress,5 bamboo leaves are wilting, wilting and shrinkage phenomena such as water loss, but application of SAP is less than blank group.(2) When SAP alone, the chlorophyll content of bamboo is a trend that have increased roughly first and then decreased as drought stress levels had increased, but higher than the blank group. In the stress pe-riod, Dendrocalamus brandisii in SAP of 30kg/hm2 has a highest chlorophyll content, which of and control improved 18.49%,14.86%, and 19.6%; respectively, in SAP of 90kg/hm2, Dendrocalamus minor var.cmoenus has a highest chlorophyll which improved than the blank group 38.25%,12.53% and 25.32%; therefore, Dendrocalamus beecheyana var.pubescens, Dendrocalamopsis oldhami (Munro) Keng f. and Dendrocalamus latiflorus all have a highest chlorophyll content in SAP of 60kg/hm, separately in different stress period increased by 26.49%,18.96% and 17.54%,61.19%,27.69% and 40.71%,23.85%,36.97% and 31.93%. when measured in different SAP, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of qP and NPQ have the same trend that increased roughly first then decreased as stress levels had increased, but higher than the blank, Fv/Fm and Yield decreased with drought stress increased. In the stress period, under the same SAP, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Dendrocalamus brandisii are highest, whose value are stable at a level more than 0.7, During stress periods, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of each bamboo species are increased with the increase of SAP.(3) When SAP alone, with drought stress increased, the electrolytic mass penetration rate and the so-luble sugar increased with the drought stress increased, while the Pro ammonia and soluble protein ap-peared a changing trend that increased roughly first and then decreased, but what the same is, each stress period, this several indicators content increased with SAP content increased, and higher than blank; in dif- ferent stress period, same SAP content processing, these indicators of Dendrocalamus brandisii are highest in 5 bamboo species. In he stress period, electrolyte permeability of Dendrocalamus brandisii in SAP 30kg/hm2 is the lowest, respectively, reduced 71.43%,33.33%and 13.68% compared to the blank; and electrolyte permeability of Dendrocalamus minor in SAP 90kg/hm2 is the lowest, reduced 51.72%, 26.92%and 3.23% than those of the blank; electrolyte permeability of Dendrocalamus beecheyana, Den-drocalamopsis oldhami and Dendrocalamus latiflorus are lowest respectively in SAP 60kg/hm2,60kg/hm2, 90kg/hm2, reduced 60.71%,25.00% and 9.47%,75.00%,31.08% and 5.38%,76.67%,35.9% and 7.69%.(4) When SAP alone, during the stress period, soluble protein contents of Dendrocalamus brandisii is highest in the SAP 30kg/hm2, compared to the blank group, respectively improved 45.31%,75.43% and 72.15%; soluble protein contents of Dendrocalamus beecheyana and Dendrocalamopsis oldhami is highest in SAP 60kg/hm2, each separately improved in each stress period are 71.11%,60.39% and 80.95%,71.74%, 52.04% and 55.79%; Dendrocalamus minor in SAP 90kg/hm2 had the highest soluble protein contents, re-spectively, improved 64.6%,67.29% and 88.76%; the highest soluble protein content of Dendrocalamus latiflorus in each stress periods are respectively in SAP 60kg/hm2,60kg/hm2 and 90kg/hm2, compared to the blank group, respectively improved 91.72%,56.42%and 79.66%.(5) When different SAP treatment alone, during the stress period, soluble sugar content of Dendroca-lamus brandisii is the highest in SAP 30kg/hm, compared to the control group, respectively, improved 56.57%,42.74% and 56.6%; Dendrocalamus beecheyana and Dendrocalamus latiflorus are highest in SAP 60kg/hm2, each separately in each stress period improved 57.5%,24.58% and 32.76%,114.55%,59.64% and 33.05% than those in the control group; Dendrocalamus minor during the stress periods, soluble sugar content is the highest in SAP 90kg/hm2, respectively improved the blank group 393.01%,60.55%and 283.11%; Soluble sugar content of Dendrocalamopsis oldhami in SAP 60kg/hm2,90kg/hm2,60kg/hm2 are respectively highest during the stress periods, respectively improved 70.41%,92.43% and 61.02% com-pared with blank group.(6) When different SAP treatment alone, during the stress period, Pro ammonia content of Dendroca-lamus brandisii in SAP 90kg/hm2,30kg/hm2,90kg/hm2 are the lowest, was reduced by 11.6%,7.81% and 25.34% compared to the control group, Pro ammonia content of Dendrocalamus beecheyana in SAP 90kg/hm2 are the lowest than those in the control group and reduced by 9.38%,3.97% and 18.5%; Den-drocalamus minor SAP 30kg/hm2 with stress are the lowest, Pro ammonia content than those in the control group were reduced,72.9%,15.20% and 41.41%; Dendrocalamopsis oldhami stress periods correspond respectively in SAP 30kg/hm2’60kg/hm2,30kg/hm2, minimum, Pro ammonia content than those in the control group were reduced,84.58%,20.36% and 93.42%; Dendrocalamus latiflorus periods in SAP 30kg/hm2 a minimum, Pro ammonia content than those in the control group were reduced 25.9%,11.01% and 31.47%.(7) When different SAP treatment alone, MDA content increased as drought intensifies, each stress period, however, with the increase of SAP shows the tendency of reducing, and lower than the control group. MDA content of Dendrocalamus brandisii in the 5 bamboo species is the lowest, its SAP of 30kg/hm2,60kg/hm2,90kg/hm2 respectively reduced by 17.28%,20.93% and 21.35%,11.11%, and 16.85%,9.88%, and 15.12% and 14.61% when compared to blank in the period of light, medium and heavy stress.(8) When different SAP treatment alone, SOD and POD activity increasing with stress increased first and then decreased, but higher than the control group. In addition to the SOD and POD activity of Den-drocalamus minor gradually increase with the increasing SAP, the SOD and POD activity of the remaining 4 bamboo species increased first and then decreased with increasing SAP, and higher than the control group. SAP 60kg/hm2 treatment in light stress, generally in a high SOD activity of 5 species, its order:Dendroca-lamopsis oldhami> Dendrocalamus beecheyana> Dendrocalamus latiflorus> Dendrocalamus brandisii> Dendrocalamus minor, respectively, than those in the control group,142.85%,134.88%,142.85%,159.08%, 228.31%. For the activity of POD, and in SAP 60kg/hm2 under light stress, POD activity is higher than the other stress period, order are as follows:Dendrocalamus brandisii> Dendrocalamus beecheyana> Den-drocalamopsis oldhami> Dendrocalamus latiflorus> Dendrocalamus minor, improved respectively 53.88%,157.22%,53.88%,33.22%,89.62% than those in the control group.Through all results, under drought stress, when the application of water retaining agent, dosage of Dendrocalamus brandisii works best in SAP 30kg/hm2, Dendrocalamus minor work best in SAP 90kg/hm2, other bamboo species are best in 60kg/hm2.(9)When the Super absorbent polymer mixed with nitrogen, under drought aggravated, as the stress increased,chlorophyll content of Dendrocalamus brandisii and Dendrocalamus beecheyana highest when middle SAP with high nitrogen, respectively improved 49.64%,32.76% and 19.37%,45.45%,15.14% and 37.03%; Dendrocalamus minor highest chlorophyll content was in low SAP-high nitrogen, each period re-spectively improved 40.31%,43.07% and 45.84% t; chlorophyll content of Dendrocalamopsis oldhami highest respectively in high SAP-medium nitrogen, high SAP-low nitrogen and low SAP-medium nitro-gen, each respectively improved 89.67%,55.18% and 37.86%, Dendrocalamus latiflorus was highest in medium SAP-high nitrogen, medium SAP-high nitrogen, low SAP-medium nitrogen, respectively im-proved 36.96%,36.89% and 44.89% higher than blank group.(10) When mixture applying, chlorophyll fluorescent parameter Fv/Fm and Yield of 5 bamboo species are rendering declined trend with drought stress intensified, in light stress, Fv/Fm of most bamboo species are highest in mixture with medium nitrogen, Yield is highest when high and low SAP respectively mixed with high and low nitrogen, except Dendrocalamus minor, other bamboo species can keep Fv/Fm and Yield respectively above 0.7 above and 0.4; When moderate stress, Fv/Fm and Yield were highest mostly at low SAP when applying,; When hard stress, mostly in the same as that in moderate stress, but more likely to medium, high nitrogen respectively mix with low SAP, at this period, Fv/Fm of Dendrocalamus brandisii is above 0.7,Yield is above 0.4.(11) when applying, each stress period, the electrolyte osmotic rate of each bamboo species is lower than the control group with the drought aggravated, electrolyte osmotic rate of Dendrocalamus brandish was lowest respectively in high SAP-low nitrogen, low SAP-low nitrogen and medium SAP-low nitrogen in each stress period, reduced respectively by 76.36%,36.99% and 15.96% than the control group; Den-drocalamus beecheyana respectively in high SAP-high nitrogen, high SAP -high nitrogen, medium SAP-medium nitrogen was the lowest, respectively lower than control by 45.61%,77.33% and 18.75%; Dendrocalamus minor in medium SAP-medium nitrogen, high SAP-medium nitrogen, high SAP-low ni-trogen was the lowest, respectively reduces by 69.84%,15.79% and 34% than the control; Dendrocalamop-sis oldhami respectively in high SAP-medium nitrogen, medium SAP-high nitrogen, medium SAP-high ni-trogen was the lowest, respectively lower than control by 63.33%,37.50% and 27.55%; Dendrocalamus latiflorus respectively in medium SAP-medium nitrogen, medium SAP-medium nitrogen, high SAP-low nitrogen was lowest, respectively lower than the control by 72.46%,34.88% and 11.34%.(12) When mixture applying, the contents of soluble protein had a trend that first increased and then decreased as the stress increased, most of the treatment are higher than that in the control group, all stress periods, soluble protein content of Dendrocalamus brandisii respectively in the lowest when low SAP and low nitrogen, high SAP and high nitrogen, high SAP and high nitrogen,31.19%,156.92% and 106.33% higher than control; soluble protein content of Dendrocalamus beecheyana was highest respectively in low nitrogen and low SAP, low SAP and high nitrogen, high SAP and high nitrogen; each period respectively improved,78.29%,76.52% and 300%,; soluble protein content of Dendrocalamus minor was highest re-spectively in high SAP-high nitrogen, high SAP-low nitrogen, low SAP-high nitrogen, each control respec-tively improved by 97.2%,63.95% and 64.84%; soluble protein content of Dendrocalamopsis oldhami was highest respectively in medium SAP-medium nitrogen, high SAP-low nitrogen, medium SAP-low nitrogen, each control respectively improved 147.78%,137.20% and 152.17%; soluble protein content of Dendroca-lamus latiflorus was highest respectively in low SAP and low nitrogen, low SAP and low nitrogen, medium SAP and low nitrogen, respectively 175.28%,229.17% and 150% higher than control.(13) when mixed applying, the stress, with stress increase soluble sugar content first increased and then decreased in general trends, and higher than the control. In each stress period, soluble sugar contents of Dendrocalamus brandisii highest respectively in medium SAP-low nitrogen, high SAP-high nitrogen and medium SAP-low nitrogen, respectively improved 16.33%,6.14% and 17.91% than the control; Den-drocalamus beecheyana highest respectively in medium SAP-medium nitrogen, low SAP-high nitrogen, high SAP-medium nitrogen, each control respectively improved,30.92%,32.83% and 11.15%; Dendroca-lamus minor highest respectively in medium SAP-low nitrogen, low SAP-high nitrogen, low SAP-medium nitrogen, each control respectively improved 34.58%,35.10% and 36.38%; Dendrocalamopsis oldhami highest respectively in medium SAP-low nitrogen, medium SAP-medium nitrogen, high SAP-low nitrogen, each control respectively improved 58.78%,44.11% and 19.53%; Dendrocalamus latiflorus highest respec-tively in high SAP-high nitrogen, high SAP-high nitrogen, low SAP-high nitrogen, each control respec-tively improved 29.19%,32.30% and 16.12%.(14) when mixed applying, the stress, with stress increase Pro ammonia of 5 bamboo species first in-creased and then decreased in general trends, and higher than the control. In each stress period Pro ammo-nia of Dendrocalamus brandisii was highest respectively in medium SAP-medium nitrogen, high SAP-medium nitrogen and medium SAP-medium nitrogen, respectively improved than the control group by 8.73%,11.30% and 46.39%; Dendrocalamus beecheyana was highest respectively in low SAP-low ni-trogen, high SAP-high nitrogen and low SAP-low nitrogen, respectively improved than the control group by 41.84%,13.58% and 82.64%; Dendrocalamus minor was highest respectively in low SAP and low ni-trogen in each period, respectively improved than the control group by 102.48%,16.97% and 67.34%; Dendrocalamopsis oldhami was highest respectively in low SAP-medium nitrogen, high SAP-low nitrogen and low SAP-medium nitrogen, respectively improved than the control group by 80.28%,28.05% and 88.51%; Dendrocalamus latiflorus was highest respectively in medium SAP-high nitrogen, high SAP-medium nitrogen and medium SAP-high nitrogen, respectively improved than the control group by 65.57%,31.34% and 79.87%.(15) when mixed applying, each stress period, MDA content of each bamboo treatment were lower than the control group, indicating the use of SAP and fertilizers can reduce the permeability of membrane lipids. The stress period, MDA content of Dendrocalamus brandisii was lowest respectively in high SAP-low nitrogen, high SAP-medium nitrogen and high SAP-medium nitrogen, respectively reduced than the control group by 51.85%,81.8%,95.47%; Dendrocalamus beecheyana was lowest respectively in high SAP-high nitrogen, medium SAP-low nitrogen and medium SAP-low nitrogen, respectively reduced than the control group by 61.62%,79.91%and 87.21%; Dendrocalamus minor was lowest respectively in high SAP-low nitrogen, high SAP-low nitrogen and high SAP-high nitrogen, respectively reduced than the con-trol group by 58.82%,53.33% and 96.43%; Dendrocalamopsis oldhami was lowest respectively in high SAP-high nitrogen, low SAP-medium nitrogen and low SAP-medium nitrogen, respectively reduced than the control group by 55.81%,90.53% and 94.21%; Dendrocalamus latiflorus was lowest respectively in high SAP-low nitrogen, low SAP-medium nitrogen and low SAP-medium nitrogen, respectively reduced than the control group by 56.71%,93.33% and 96.43%.(16) when mixed applying, during the stress period, SOD activity of Dendrocalamus brandisii was highest respectively in low SAP-low nitrogen, high SAP-high nitrogen and low SAP-low nitrogen, respec-tively improved than the control group by 1.05,1.79,1.11 times; Dendrocalamus beecheyana was highest all in medium SAP-medium nitrogen in all period, respectively improved than the control group by 0.91, 0.69, and 4.65 times; Dendrocalamus minor was highest respectively in low SAP-low nitrogen, low SAP-low nitrogen and medium SAP-medium nitrogen, respectively improved than the control group by 0.51,0.52, and 2.53 times; Dendrocalamopsis oldhami was highest respectively in low SAP-low nitrogen, medium SAP-high nitrogen and high SAP-high nitrogen, respectively improved than the control group by 1.21,0.65,6.24 times; Dendrocalamus latiflorus was highest respectively in low SAP-low nitrogen, low SAP-low nitrogen and high SAP-medium nitrogen, respectively 0.57,0.60 and 1.24 times higher than the control group.(17) when mixed applying, in each period, POD activity of Dendrocalamus brandisii was highest re-spectively in high SAP-medium nitrogen, high SAP-medium nitrogen and low SAP-medium nitrogen, re-spectively 6.66,6.08,1.89 times higher than the control; Dendrocalamus beecheyana was highest respec-tively in low SAP-medium nitrogen, medium SAP-medium nitrogen and medium SAP-low nitrogen, re-spectively 13.85,7.05,1.87 times higher than the control; Dendrocalamus minor was highest respectively in low SAP-medium nitrogen, low SAP-medium nitrogen and medium SAP-high nitrogen, respectively 38.27,31.86,2.36 times higher than the control; Dendrocalamopsis oldhami was highest respectively in low SAP-low nitrogen, medium SAP-high nitrogen and high SAP-high nitrogen, respectivery 25.66,18.95, 5.76 times higher than the control; Dendrocalamus latiflorus was highest respectively in low SAP-low ni-trogen, low SAP-low nitrogen and high SAP-medium nitrogen, respectivery 16.83,10.12,1.09 times higher than the control.(18) Through factor analysis of 5 bamboos, set a principle that eigenvalue is greater than 1, the cumu-lative rate greater than or equal to 85%, extracting principal components factor. Results show that:Den-drocalamus brandisi takes three principal components, cumulative rate of 85.988%; Dendrocalamus bee-cheyana take four principal components, cumulative rate of 88.149%; Dendrocalamus minor take four principal components, cumulative rate of 91.109%;Three principal components of Dendrocalamopsis old-hami, cumulative rate of 86.678%;Three principal components of Dendrocalamus latiflorus, cumulative rate of 89.887%;(19) Using factor analysis, combined with the method of membership function of fuzzy mathematical analysis to make a comprehensive evaluation of 5 bamboo species on physiological and biochemical in-dexes of drought-resistance, concluded that SAP with nitrogen fertilizer applying has an obvious role on slowing the coastal areas affected by drought stress. Dendrocalamus brandisii is best on mixing 30kg/hm2 SAP and 600kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer; The best treatment of Dendrocalamus beecheyana is the mixture of 60kg/hm2 SAP and 200kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer; Dendrocalamus minor has the best treatment of 90kg/hm2 SAP and 400kg/hm2 of nitrogen fertilizer app lying; Dendrocalamopsis oldhami is best in 90kg/hm2 SAP and 400kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer applying; Dendrocalamus latiflorus is best when mixed 60kg/hm2 SAP with 400kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer. |
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