Study And Demonstration On The Reasonable Fertilization Technology Of Broccoli In Bashang Area

Aiming at the unbalance nutrition status, several continuous cropping obstacles, and the unreasonable fertilization in broccoli cultivation in Bashang area of Hebei province, this paper was studied. Firstly, the pot experiment in lab was done to select some optimized fertilization treatments which were suitable for the broccoli growth and soil property modifying. Then the effects on the growth, acquisition and nutrient utilization, yield, quality and soil properties of broccoli in the field were researched. The treatment suitable for the safety production of broccoli in Bashang were determined. Meanwhile, an example for reasonable fertilization techniques was set. The main results were as follows:1. Biological Characteristics, such as stem diameter, chlorophyll content, leaf weight, leaf area, fresh weight of the overground part, flower stalks diameter were improved in optimized fertilization treatments, but the flower stalks and stems of broccoli were shorten.2.Nutrient absorption of overground parts in broccoli and the utilization ratio of fertilizer were both increased in optimized fertilization treatments. Broccoli yield was increased by 21.37%.3.The content of available potassium, activities of catalase and phosphatase, and bacterial number in soil were increased under the condition of optimized fertilization.4.The demanded nutrient characteristics was defined. Absorption ratio of N, P2O5 and K2 O was about 2:1:2 in the overground part of broccoli. That 1.25-1.60 kg N, 0.57-0.82 kg P2O5,0.87-1.27 kg K2 O were needed by produced each 1000 kg broccoli ball-flower. The ratio of N:P2O5:K2O was 2.1:1:1.5. Broccoli needs more nitrogen and phosphorus, so more N and K should be fertilized.5. Reasonable fertilization techniques of broccoli, such as mechanical fertilization, tillage, ridging, mulching with drip irrigation were developed by combining chemical fertilizer with biological fertilizer. The appearance, growth and economic benefit of broccoli were improved. Harvesting period was shortened. These were helpful for improving production and quality,and protecting environment.