| Colored potato has beautiful color, high nutritional value and health function, and a broad exploitation and utilization prospects. In the present study, using seven colored potato varieties as materials, the morphological characters, growth characteristics, yield, nutritional quality, chromosome configuration and SSR fingerprint of colored potato were analyzed by the methods of generic form biology and molecular cytogenetics. The main results were as follows:1. The growth period of the seven potato varieties ranged from 93 d to 115 d. Hei Mei Ren and Cai Yi were early-maturing varieties, Nong Cai-26 was mid-maturing variety, others were mid-early varieties.2. The average plant height among potato varieties ranged from 69.98 cm to 101.54 cm, of which Nong Cai-31 was 101.54 cm, Cai Yi and Si Cai were both 70 cm, and other four varieties something in between. The main stalk number per plant ranged from 1.0 to 2.8. Si Cai had 2.8 main stalks, Nong Cai-26 only had one, and other four varieties varied between1.2 and 2.4 main stalks. There were differences among varieties for the flower, leaf and stem color.3. The potato tubers grew concentratedly and regularly, and the tuber eyes were shallow, without secondary growth and crack. There were significant differences among potato varieties for tuber shape, tuber skin and flesh color, and skin smoothness.4. There were differences among potato varieties for tuber number and yield per plant, average potato weight, and commodity potato rate. Single tuber number, single plant yields, average tuber weight and commodity potato rate had differences in tested varieties. And the tuber number of Cai Yi and Hei Mei Ren were 12.4 and 11.0, respectively, which was twice that of Nong Cai-31 and Min-â…¡. The tuber number of Hong Mei and Si Cai were 9.8 and 9.2, respectively, and Hong Mei had the highest potato yield per plant, which average tuber weight and commodity potato rate, then were Nong Cai-31 and Nong Cai-26,and the other four potato varieties in between.5. The nutritional quality analysis for potato varieties showed that the dry matter content varied from 19.86% to 28.57%, of which Min-â…¡ was the highest; the starch content varied from 13.09% to 21.91%, of which Min-â…¡ was the highest, up to 21.91%; the protein content varied from 0.73% to 1.29%, of which Cai Yi, Nong Cai-31 and Nong Cai-26 were higher than 1%; the reducing sugar content varied from 0.004% to 0.017%; the Vc content varied from 6.55 mg/kg to 30.06 mg/kg, of which Min-â…¡ was high VC variety; the anthocyanin content were varied from 57.43 mg/kg to 217.92 mg/kg, of which Hong Mei had the highest; and the polyphenols content ranged from 0.09% to 0.15%, of which Nong Cai-26 had the highest.6. The chromosome pairing configuration of Hei Mei Ren, Hong Mei, Min-â…¡, Cai Yi, Si Cai, Nong Cai-31, and Nong Cai-26 were 42.47 â… +14.53 â…¡+2.2â…¢+2.47â…£,3.23 â… +13.13 â…¡+3.14â…¢+2.27â…£,4.76 â… +8.64â…¡+6.68â…¢+1.48â…£,5.53 â… +6.7â…¡+8.19â…¢+1.13â…£, 1.83 â… +13.84â…¡+1.39â…¢+3.58â…£,3.96 â… +11.25 â…¡+4.91â…¢+1.7â…£, and 9.12 â… +7.71 â…¡ +6.88â…¢+0.7â…£, respectively. The pollen fertility rate ranged from 33.39 to 78.55%.7. A total of 127 polymorphic bands were amplified by three screened suitable primers C56, S180 and C63, and the polymorphic ratio was 74.70%. And the SSR fingerprint was constructed, which could distinguish the seven potato varieties. |
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